java实现短信验证码发送，由于我们使用第三方平台进行验证码的发送，所以首先，我们要在一个平台进行注册。这样的平台有很多，有的平台在新建账号的时候会附带赠几条免费短信。这里我仅做测试使用(具体哪个平台见参考三，很简单，注册账号就行，记得添加短信签名)。
另外，在实际项目中，如果有人恶意攻击，不停的发送短信验证码，就会造成很大的损失。故对发送次数做一定的限制就非常必要，这里我们限制一个手机号一天可以发多少短信和短信平台无关。
这里采用的是存redis来实现这一个功能。就是每次调用发送验证码这个接口都会判断手机号码是否在redis中存为key了。如果没有则创建一个key为手机号码value是1.因为redis中不支持数字所以将其变为了string类型。如果redis中已经有这个key了则将此key的值取出来加1再存进redis中。
代码实现：
pom.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.6.2</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.lmc</groupId> <artifactId>springboot-sendsms</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>springboot-sendsms</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project> |
RespBean.java
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package com.lmc.bean; public class RespBean { private Integer status; private String msg; private Object obj; public static RespBean build() { return new RespBean(); } public static RespBean ok(String msg) { return new RespBean(200, msg, null); } public static RespBean ok(String msg, Object obj) { return new RespBean(200, msg, obj); } public static RespBean error(String msg) { return new RespBean(500, msg, null); } public static RespBean error(String msg, Object obj) { return new RespBean(500, msg, obj); } private RespBean() { } private RespBean(Integer status, String msg, Object obj) { this.status = status; this.msg = msg; this.obj = obj; } public Integer getStatus() { return status; } public RespBean setStatus(Integer status) { this.status = status; return this; } public String getMsg() { return msg; } public RespBean setMsg(String msg) { this.msg = msg; return this; } public Object getObj() { return obj; } public RespBean setObj(Object obj) { this.obj = obj; return this; }} |
RedisConfig.java
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package com.lmc.config; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect;import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;import java.net.UnknownHostException;@Configurationpublic class RedisConfig { @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "redisTemplate") public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate( RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) throws UnknownHostException { Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object>(Object.class); ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper(); om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY); om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL); jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om); RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<String, Object>(); template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory); template.setKeySerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); template.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); template.setHashKeySerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); template.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); template.afterPropertiesSet(); return template; } @ConditionalOnMissingBean(StringRedisTemplate.class) public StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate( StringRedisTemplate template = new StringRedisTemplate();} |
SMSController.java
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package com.lmc.controller; import com.lmc.bean.RespBean;import com.lmc.utils.HttpClientUtils;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import java.util.Calendar;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;/** * @description: * @Author: lmc * @date: 2021/12/26 10:21 */@RestControllerpublic class SMSController { @Autowired StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate; @RequestMapping("/send") public RespBean sendSMS() { String Uid = "xxxxxxxx"; String Key = "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"; String smsMob = "xxxxxxxxx"; String sendSMSCount = "sendSMSCount:" + smsMob; if ("2".equals(stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(sendSMSCount))) { return RespBean.error("今天已达到发送短信验证码上限，请明天再试"); } //短信内容 String smsText = "欢迎使用xx系统，验证码：8888"; Map maps = new HashMap(); maps.put("Uid", Uid); maps.put("Key", Key); maps.put("smsMob", smsMob); maps.put("smsText", smsText); String result = HttpClientUtils.sendHttpPost("http://utf8.sms.webchinese.cn", maps); int i = Integer.parseInt(result); if (i > 0) { if (stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(sendSMSCount) == null) { stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set(sendSMSCount, "1", getEndTime(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS); } else { String value = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(sendSMSCount); int times = Integer.parseInt(value) + 1; String timesStr = String.valueOf(times); stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set(sendSMSCount, timesStr, getEndTime(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS); } return RespBean.ok("发送成功"); return RespBean.ok("发送失败"); } //获取当前时间到今天结束时间所剩余的毫秒数： public static long getEndTime() { //获取当前时间的毫秒数 long time = new java.util.Date().getTime(); //获取到今天结束的毫秒数 Calendar todayEnd = Calendar.getInstance(); todayEnd.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 23); // Calendar.HOUR 12小时制。HOUR_OF_DAY 24小时制 todayEnd.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 59); todayEnd.set(Calendar.SECOND, 59); todayEnd.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 999); long endTime = todayEnd.getTimeInMillis(); //这里endTime-time获取的是到23：59：59：999的毫秒数。再加1才是到24点整的毫秒数 return endTime-time+1;} |
HttpClientUtils.java(HttpClient工具类，可以复用)
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package com.lmc.utils; import java.io.IOException;import java.net.URL;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase;import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.DefaultHostnameVerifier;import org.apache.http.conn.util.PublicSuffixMatcher;import org.apache.http.conn.util.PublicSuffixMatcherLoader;import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;public class HttpClientUtils { private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClientUtils.class); // 链接相关参数 private static int socketTimeout = 15000; private static int connectTimeout = 15000; private static int connectionRequestTimeout = 15000; private static RequestConfig requestConfig = null; // 连接池相关参数 private static int connMgrMaxTotal = 100; private static int connMgrMaxPerRoute = 50; private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connMgr = null; static { requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout).setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout).setConnectionRequestTimeout(connectionRequestTimeout).build(); connMgr = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(); connMgr.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(connMgrMaxPerRoute); connMgr.setMaxTotal(connMgrMaxTotal); } private static String doHttp(HttpRequestBase httpRequestBase) { CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null; CloseableHttpResponse response = null; String responseContent = null; try { // 创建默认的httpClient实例. String scheme = httpRequestBase.getURI().getScheme(); if (scheme.equalsIgnoreCase("https")) { PublicSuffixMatcher publicSuffixMatcher = PublicSuffixMatcherLoader.load(new URL(httpRequestBase.getURI().toString())); DefaultHostnameVerifier hostnameVerifier = new DefaultHostnameVerifier(publicSuffixMatcher); httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLHostnameVerifier(hostnameVerifier).setConnectionManager(connMgr).build(); //httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLHostnameVerifier(hostnameVerifier).build(); } else if (scheme.equalsIgnoreCase("http")) { httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connMgr).build(); //httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); } else { throw new IllegalArgumentException("url的scheme错误，必须是http或者https！ "); } httpRequestBase.setConfig(requestConfig); // 执行请求 response = httpClient.execute(httpRequestBase); // 如果这里有必要获取的是其他资料都可以在这里进行逻辑处理 responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8"); return responseContent; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { // 关闭连接,释放资源 if (response != null) { // EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity()); response.close(); } // 这里不能关闭httpClient，这个会关链接池 //if (httpClient != null) { // httpClient.close(); //} } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return responseContent; /** * sendHttpGet(url) * @param url * @return */ public static String sendHttpGet(String url) { return doHttp(new HttpGet(url)); * sendHttpGet() * @param param key1=value1&key2=value2&key3=value3 public static String sendHttpGet(String url, String param) { // 创建httpGet HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url + '?' + param); return doHttp(httpGet); * sendHttpPost() public static String sendHttpPost(String url, String param) { // 创建httpPost HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(param, "UTF-8"); stringEntity.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity); return doHttp(httpPost); * sendHttpGet * @param param 是个map<String, String> public static String sendHttpGet(String url, Map<String, String> param) { String paramStr = ""; for (String key : param.keySet()) { String tmp = ""; tmp = "&" + key + "=" + param.get(key); paramStr += tmp; paramStr = paramStr.substring(1); HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url + '?' + paramStr); return doHttp(httpGet); * sendHttpPost * @param param 是个map<String,String> public static String sendHttpPost(String url, Map<String, String> param) { // 创建参数队列 List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); for (String key : param.keySet()) { nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key))); } try { httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs, "UTF-8")); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); return doHttp(httpPost); public static String sendHttpPostJson(String url, String json) { // StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(param, "UTF-8"); // stringEntity.setContentType("application/json"); // stringEntity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8"); StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(json, ContentType.create("application/json", "UTF-8")); public static void main(String[] args) { String url = "http://api.crpay.com/payapi/gateway"; String param = "merchant_no=TOF00001&method=unified.trade.pay&version=1.0"; Map map = new HashMap<String, String>(); map.put("merchant_no", "TOF00001"); map.put("method", "unified.trade.pay"); map.put("version", "1.0"); // 这个工具是走的链接池，但是在关闭httpClient会关闭连接池的地方已经注销 //System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpPost(url, map)); //System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpPost(url, param)); //System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpGet(url, map)); System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpGet("https://www.baidu.com")); System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=aaa")); Map map2 = new HashMap<String, String>(); map2.put("wd", "aaa"); System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/s",map2)); // doHttp是静态私有方法，不能使用多次，会报Connection pool shut down System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.doHttp(new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=aaa"))); System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.doHttp(new HttpGet("https://www.baidu.com/"))); System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpGet("https://www.cnblogs.com/hugo-zhangzhen/p/6858013.html")); System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpGet("https://www.cnblogs.com/hugo-zhangzhen/p/6739658.html")); System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpGet("https://www.cnblogs.com/hugo-zhangzhen/p/6737810.html")); System.out.println(HttpClientUtils.sendHttpGet("http://blog.csdn.net/xiechengfa/article/details/42016153"));} |
application.properties
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# 配置redisspring.redis.host=127.0.0.1spring.redis.port=6379spring.redis.password=123456 |
项目结果如下：
结果展示：
使用postman调用接口，超过2次后，显示如下。
在具体项目中的流程一般如下：
①构造手机验证码，需要生成一个6位的随机数字串；
②找短信平台获取使用接口向短信平台发送手机号和验证码，然后短信平台再把验证码发送到制定手机号上；
③将手机号验证码、操作时间存入Session中，作为后面验证使用；
④接收用户填写的验证码、手机号及其他注册数据；
⑤对比提交的验证码与Session中的验证码是否一致，同时判断提交动作是否在有效期内；
⑥验证码正确且在有效期内，请求通过，处理相应的业务。
参考：
接收短信验证码条数限制（java发送短信验证码限制） - 简书
Java 实现手机发送短信验证码 - 胖头陀春天 - 博客园
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41644069/article/details/122153235
