Python通用验证码识别OCR库ddddocr的安装使用教程_Python

前言

在使用自动化登录网站的时候，经常输入用户名和密码后会遇到验证码。今天介绍一款通用验证码识别 OCR库，对验证码识别彻底说拜拜，它的名字是 ddddocr（带带弟弟 OCR ）。这里主要以字母数字类验证码进行说明。

项目地址：https://github.com/sml2h3/ddddocr

一、安装ddddocr

通过命令将自动安装符合自己电脑环境的最新 ddddocr。

pip install ddddocr

如果安装速度慢，可以连接国内镜像进行安装，命令如下：

pip install ddddocr -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/

二、使用ddddocr

1. 使用举例

import ddddocr

ocr = ddddocr.DdddOcr()
with open("code.png", "rb") as f:
	img_bytes = f.read()
res = ocr.classification(img_bytes)
print("识别出的验证码为：" + res)

2. 完整代码

import os
import ddddocr
from time import sleep
from PIL import Image
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

class GetVerificationCode:
	def __init__(self):
        self.res = None
        url = "要登录的地址"
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.driver.maximize_window()  # 将浏览器最大化
        self.driver.get(url)

	# 获取验证码信息
    def getVerification(self):
        # 获取当前文件的位置、并获取保存截屏的位置
        current_location = os.path.dirname(__file__)
        screenshot_path = os.path.join(current_location, "..", "VerificationCode")
        # 截取当前网页并放到自定义目录下，并命名为printscreen，该截图中有我们需要的验证码
        sleep(1)
        self.driver.save_screenshot(screenshot_path + "//" + "printscreen.png")
        sleep(1)
        # 定位验证码
        imgelement = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "验证码图片的Xpath定位")
        # 获取验证码x,y轴坐标
        location = imgelement.location
        # 获取验证码的长宽
        size = imgelement.size
        # 写成我们需要截取的位置坐标
        rangle = (int(location["x"] + 430),
                  int(location["y"] + 200),
                  int(location["x"] + size["width"] + 530),
                  int(location["y"] + size["height"] + 250))
        # 打开截图
        i = Image.open(screenshot_path + "//" + "printscreen.png")
        # 使用Image的crop函数，从截图中再次截取我们需要的区域
        fimg = i.crop(rangle)
        fimg = fimg.convert("RGB")
        # 保存我们截下来的验证码图片，并读取验证码内容
        fimg.save(screenshot_path + "//" + "code.png")
        ocr = ddddocr.DdddOcr()
        with open(screenshot_path + "//" + "code.png", "rb") as f:
            img_bytes = f.read()
        self.res = ocr.classification(img_bytes)
        print("识别出的验证码为：" + self.res)

    # 判断验证码错误时的提示信息是否存在
    def isElementPresent(self, by, value):
        try:
            element = self.driver.find_element(by=by, value=value)
        except NoSuchElementException:
            pass
            # 发生了NoSuchElementException异常，说明页面中未找到该元素，返回False
            return False
        else:
            # 没有发生异常，表示在页面中找到了该元素，返回True
            return True

	# 登录
    def login(self):
        self.getVerification()
        self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "用户名输入框Xpath定位").send_keys("用户名")
        self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "密码输入框Xpath定位").send_keys("密码")
        self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "验证码输入框Xpath定位").send_keys(self.res)
        sleep(1)
        self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "登录按钮Xpath定位").click()
        sleep(2)
		isFlag = True
        while isFlag:
            try:
                isPresent = self.isElementPresent(By.XPATH, "验证码错误时的提示信息Xpath定位")
                if isPresent is True:
                    codeText = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "验证码错误时的提示信息Xpath定位").text
                    if codeText == "验证码不正确":
                        self.getVerification()
                        sleep(2)
                        self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "验证码输入框Xpath定位").clear()
                        sleep(1)
                        self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "验证码输入框Xpath定位").send_keys(self.res)
                        sleep(1)
                        self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "登录按钮Xpath定位").click()
                        sleep(2)
                    tips = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH,
                                                    "未输入验证码时的提示信息Xpath定位").text
                    if tips == "请输入验证码":
                        self.getVerification()
                        sleep(2)
                        self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "验证码输入框Xpath定位").click()
                        sleep(1)
                        self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "验证码输入框Xpath定位").send_keys(self.res)
                        sleep(1)
                        self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "登录按钮Xpath定位").click()
                        sleep(2)
                    continue
                else:
                    print("验证码正确，登录成功！")
            except NoSuchElementException:
                pass
            else:
                isFlag = False
                
        sleep(5)
        self.driver.quit()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    GetVerificationCode().login()