Import os; -- Python自带
print(os.getcwd()) -- 获得当前工作目录
os.chdir('/Users/longlong/Documents') -- 转换到/Users/longlong/Documents目录
os.path.join(parm1, parm2,...) -- 从一个或多个路径片段中构造一个路径名。
os.path.expanduser() -- 用来将包含~符号的路径扩展为完整的路径
>>> pathname = '/Users/pilgrim/diveintopython3/examples/humansize.py'
>>> os.path.split(pathname) --('/Users/pilgrim/diveintopython3/examples', 'humansize.py')罗列目录内容构造绝对路径
>>> import os
>>> print(os.getcwd())
/Users/longlong/Documents
>>> os.chdir("./python/")
>>> os.getcwd()
'/Users/longlong/Documents/python'
>>> print(os.path.realpath('whileloop.py')
)
/Users/longlong/Documents/python/whileloop.py
>>> print(os.path.realpath("whileloop.py"))
/Users/longlong/Documents/python/whileloop.py
>>>
列表解析
>>> [os.path.realpath(f) for f in glob.glob("*.py")]
['/Users/longlong/Documents/python/indices_over_two_objects.py', '/Users/longlong/Documents/python/loops_over_indices.py', '/Users/longlong/Documents/python/while_loops.py']<br>
>>> [f for f in glob.glob("*.py") if os.stat(f).st_size > 700]
['indices_over_two_objects.py', 'while_loops.py']
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字典解析
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>>> metadat_dict = { f:os.stat(f) for f in glob.glob( '*.py' )} >>> type (metadat_dict) < class 'dict' > >>> list (metadat_dict.keys()) [ 'indices_over_two_objects.py' , 'while_loops.py' , 'loops_over_indices.py' ] >>> metadat_dict[ 'indices_over_two_objects.py' ].st_size 871 |
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>>> list (metadat_dict.keys()) [ 'indices_over_two_objects.py' , 'while_loops.py' , 'loops_over_indices.py' ] >>> a_dict = { 'a' : 1 , 'b' : 2 , 'c' : 3 } >>> {value:key for key,value in a_dict.items()} { 1 : 'a' , 2 : 'b' , 3 : 'c' } |
集合解析
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>>> a_set = set ( range ( 10 )) >>> a_set { 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 } >>> {x * * 2 for x in a_set} { 0 , 1 , 64 , 4 , 36 , 9 , 16 , 49 , 81 , 25 } >>> {x for x in a_set if x % 2 = = 0 } { 0 , 8 , 2 , 4 , 6 } >>> { 2 * * x for x in range ( 10 )} { 32 , 1 , 2 , 64 , 4 , 128 , 256 , 512 , 8 , 16 } |
以上所述就是本文的全部内容了,希望大家能够喜欢。