Nginx+keepalived实现七层的负载均衡的高可用(最新解决方案)

Nginx+keepalived实现七层的负载均衡的高可用

一、准备服务器

1、主机清单

2、配置安装nginx 所有的机器，关闭防火墙和selinux

[root@proxy-master ~]# systemctl stop firewalld         //关闭防火墙
[root@proxy-master ~]# sed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/sysconfig/selinux        //关闭selinux，重启生效
[root@proxy-master ~]# setenforce 0        　　　　　　　　//关闭selinux，临时生效

3.安装nginx， 全部4台

[root@proxy-master ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@proxy-master yum.repos.d]# vim nginx.repo
[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[root@proxy-master yum.repos.d]# yum install yum-utils -y
[root@proxy-master yum.repos.d]# yum install nginx -y

二、部署负载均衡

1、选择两台nginx服务器作为代理服务器。
2、给两台代理服务器安装keepalived制作高可用生成VIP
3、配置nginx的负载均衡

#两台代理配置一样

1、修改nginx的配置文件，添加以下内容，

#注意：将/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf改名，不然转发不过去

[root@proxy-slave conf.d]# mv default.conf default.conf.back

upstream backend {
    server 10.12.153.114:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s;
    server 10.12.153.187:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=20s;
    }
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name localhost;
        location / {
        proxy_pass http://backend;
        proxy_set_header Host $host:$proxy_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
}
}

2、重启nginx

[root@proxy-master ~]# nginx -s reload

3.修改server1、server2的web页面测试

[root@server2 ~]# cat >>/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html<<EOF
> 187
> EOF
[root@server1 html]# cat >/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html<<EOF
> 114
> EOF

4..访问负载均衡

负载均衡正常 

三、Keepalived实现调度器HA

注：主/备调度器均能够实现正常调度

1、 主/备调度器安装软件

[root@proxy-master ~]# yum install -y keepalived
[root@proxy-slave ~]# yum install -y keepalived

2、备份keepalived配置文件

[root@proxy-master ~]# cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak

3、修改配置文件

①修改master

[root@proxy-master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
   router_id directory1   #辅助改为directory2
}
：
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER        #定义主还是备
    interface ens33     #VIP绑定接口
    virtual_router_id 80  #整个集群的调度器一致
    priority 100         #back改为50
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.12.153.151/24   # vip
    }
}

②修改slave

[root@proxy-slave ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
   router_id directory2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP    #设置为backup
    interface ens33
    nopreempt        #设置到back上面，不抢占资源
    virtual_router_id 80
    priority 50   #辅助改为50
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.12.153.151/24
    }
}

4、启动keepalived（主备均启动）

[root@proxy-master ~]# systemctl enable keepalived
[root@proxy-slave ~]# systemctl start keepalived

5、通过停止keepalived来测试VIP是否飘逸 

①在master，slave上查看

②停掉master的keepalived来模仿master宕机，看VIP是否飘逸

由此可见nginx的高可用成功

到此：
可以解决心跳故障keepalived
不能解决Nginx服务故障

四、解决nginx服务故障

 扩展对调度器Nginx健康检查（可选）两台都设置

1、作用

让Keepalived以一定时间间隔执行一个外部脚本，脚本的功能是当Nginx失败，则关闭本机的Keepalived

2、检查nginx健康的脚本

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
   router_id directory1   #辅助改为directory2
}
：
vrrp_script check_nginx {
   script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx_status.sh"
   interval 5
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER        #定义主还是备
    interface ens33     #VIP绑定接口
    virtual_router_id 80  #整个集群的调度器一致
    priority 100         #back改为50
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.12.153.151/24   # vip
    }
  track_script {
        check_nginx         
    }
}

注：必须先启动nginx，再启动keepalived

3、测试

停止master的nginx，VIP会飘逸到salve上，

再次启动master的nginx，重启master的keepalived，VIP会飘到master上。

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zbw0323/article/details/136633205