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prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi

2023-10-20 10:44L 服务器知识

采用prometheus方式进行部署，监控本地服务器、网络线路、域名访问达到阈值触发告警，从而快速定为问题源加快响应速度

采用prometheus方式进行部署，监控本地服务器、网络线路、域名访问达到阈值触发告警，从而快速定为问题源加快响应速度

1、创建所需系统结构目录并给目录授权

 

prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi

2、prometheus部署

1）创建docker-compose文件

vim docker-compose.yml

-------------------------------------包含部署grafana、consul、alertmanager----------------------------------

version: '3.7'

services:

prometheus:

depends_on:

- alertmanager

image: prom/prometheus:latest

restart: always

container_name: prometheus

environment:

- TZ=CST-8

volumes:

- ./prometheus/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml

- ./rules:/etc/prometheus/rules/

- ./prometheus/data:/prometheus

- /etc/hosts:/etc/hosts

- /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime

ports:

- "9090:9090"

networks:

- prom

 

alertmanager:

image: prom/alertmanager:latest

restart: always

container_name: alertmanager

volumes:

- ./alertmanager/alertmanager.yml:/etc/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml

- ./alertmanager/mail.tmpl:/etc/alertmanager/mail.tmpl

- /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime

environment:

TZ: Asia/Shanghai

ports:

- "9093:9093"

- "9094:9094"

networks:

- prom

 

grafana:

depends_on:

- prometheus

container_name: grafana

image: grafana/grafana:latest

restart: always

volumes:

- ./grafana:/var/lib/grafana

- /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime

ports:

- "3000:3000"

 

blackbox_exporter:

image: quay.io/prometheus/blackbox-exporter:latest

restart: always

container_name: blackbox_exporter

volumes:

- /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime

- ./blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml:/config/blackbox.yml

ports:

- "9115:9115"

command: --config.file=/config/blackbox.yml

networks:

- prom

 

vmware_exporter:

image:  pryorda/vmware_exporter

restart: always

container_name: vmware_exporter

env_file:

- ./vm_config/vm_config.env

ports:

- "9273:9272"

networks:

- prom

 

nginx:

image: nginx:latest

restart: always

container_name: nginx

volumes:

- /usr/share/zoneinfo/PRC:/etc/localtime

- ./nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html

- ./nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d

- ./nginx/image:/image

ports:

- "80:80"

networks:

- prom

 

vmware_exporter2:

image:  pryorda/vmware_exporter

restart: always

container_name: vmware_exporter2

env_file:

- ./vm_config/vm2_config.env

ports:

- "9272:9272"

networks:

- prom

 

vmware_exporter-jk:

image:  pryorda/vmware_exporter

restart: always

container_name: vmware_exporter-jk

env_file:

- ./vm_config/vm3_config.env

ports:

- "9274:9272"

networks:

- prom

 

snmp-AD:

image: prom/snmp-exporter

restart: always

container_name: snmp_exporter-AD

volumes:

- ./snmp_exporter/snmp_exporter-AD/snmp_exporter/generator/snmp.yml:/etc/snmp_exporter/snmp.yml

ports:

- 9116:9116

command: --config.file=/etc/snmp_exporter/snmp.yml

networks:

- prom

 

snmp-AD-2:

image: prom/snmp-exporter

restart: always

container_name: snmp_exporter-AD-2

ports:

- "9117:9116"

command: --config.file=/etc/snmp_exporter/snmp.yml

networks:

- prom

 

networks:

prom:

driver: bridge

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2）配置prometheus配置文件

vim prometheus.yml

 

global:

scrape_interval: 15s

evaluation_interval: 15s

 

rule_files:

- '/etc/prometheus/rules/ad-alert/*.yml'

- '/etc/prometheus/rules/https-alert/*.yml'

- '/etc/prometheus/rules/https-duration/*.yml'

- '/etc/prometheus/rules/node-alert/*.yml'

 

alerting:

alertmanagers:

- static_configs:

- targets:

- 'X.X.X.X:9093'

 

scrape_configs:

- job_name: 'prometheus'

static_configs:

- targets:

- 'X.X.X.X:9090'

 

- job_name: 'vm-exporter'

static_configs:

- targets:

- 'X.X.X.X:9272' #本地物理机监控

- 'X.X.X.X:9273'

- 'X.X.X.X:9274'

 

- job_name: 'federate' #联邦集群

metrics_path: '/federate'

honor_labels: true

params:

'match[]':

- '{job="prometheus"}'

- '{__name__=~".*"}'

static_configs:

- targets:

- 'X.X.X.X:9090'

 

- job_name: 'consul-node-exporter' #consul自动注册

metrics_path: /metrics

scheme: http

scrape_interval: 15s

scrape_timeout: 5s

consul_sd_configs:

- server: 'X.X.X.X:8500'

refresh_interval: 30s

services: ['node-exporter']

relabel_configs:

- source_labels: [__meta_consul_tags]

regex: .*,instance=([^,]*).*

target_label: instance

- source_labels: [__meta_consul_service_address]

target_label: 'ipaddress'

- source_labels: [__meta_consul_service_id]

target_label: 'hostname'

- source_labels: [__meta_consul_service_metadata_group]

target_label: 'localhost'

- source_labels: [__meta_consul_service_metadata_environment]

target_label: 'environment'

- source_labels: [__meta_consul_service_metadata_Project]

target_label: 'Project'

- source_labels: [__meta_consul_service]

target_label: 'service'

 

- job_name: 'snmp' #本地网络设备监控（自定义监控项）

metrics_path: /snmp

params:

module: [sangfor]

relabel_configs:

- source_labels: [__address__]

target_label: __param_target

- source_labels: [__param_target]

target_label: instance

- target_label: __address__

replacement: X.X.X.X:9116

static_configs:

- targets:

- '1x.x.x.x'               #被监控网络设备 地址

labels:

hostname: AD

group: snmp

scrape_interval: 30s

scrape_timeout: 30s

 

- job_name: 'snmp-1' #本地网络设备监控

metrics_path: /snmp

params:

module: [if_mib]

relabel_configs:

- source_labels: [__address__]

target_label: __param_target

- source_labels: [__param_target]

target_label: instance

- target_label: __address__

replacement: X.X.X.X:9117

static_configs:

- targets:

- 'x.x.x.x'          #被监控网络设备 地址

labels:

hostname: AD-2

group: snmp

scrape_interval: 30s

scrape_timeout: 30s

 

- job_name: 'blackbox' #黑盒监控-域名质量访问监控

metrics_path: /probe

params:

module: [http_2xx] # Look for an HTTP 200 response.

relabel_configs:

- source_labels: [__address__]

target_label: __param_target

- source_labels: [__param_target]

target_label: instance

- target_label: __address__

replacement: X.X.X.X:9115 # The blackbox exporter's real hostname:port.

static_configs:

- targets:

- 'https://www.baidu.com'

- 'https://www.google.com'

- 'https://www.github.com'

- 'https://www.youtube.com'

- 'https://activity.huaweicloud.com'

- 'https://www.aliyun.com'

- 'https://cloud.tencent.com'

- 'https://www.tapd.cn'

- 'https://www.openai.com'

- 'https://www.pinterest.com'

- 'https://www.qq.com'

- 'https://www.bilibili.com'

 

3、添加告警rules

1）服务器告警：

groups:

 

  • name: node-alert

    rules:

    • alert: NodeDown

      expr: up{job="consul-node-exporter"} == 0

      for: 5m

      labels:

      severity: critical

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} down"

      description: "主机: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} 已经宕机 5分钟"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeCpuHigh

      expr: 100 * (1 - avg by(instance) (irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode="idle",job="consul-node-exporter"}[5m])))  > 80

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} cpu使用率过高"

      description: "CPU 使用率超过 80%"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeCpuIowaitHigh

      expr: avg by (instance) (irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job="consul-node-exporter",mode="iowait"}[5m])) * 100 > 50

      for: 5m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} cpu iowait 使用率过高"

      description: "CPU iowait 使用率超过 50%"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeLoad5High

      expr: node_load5 > (count by (instance) (node_cpu_seconds_total{job="consul-node-exporter",mode='system'})) * 1.2

      for: 5m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} load(5m) 过高"

      description: "Load(5m) 过高，超出cpu核数 1.2倍"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeMemoryHigh

      expr: (1 - node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes{job="consul-node-exporter"} / node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job="consul-node-exporter"}) * 100 > 90

      for: 5m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} memory 使用率过高"

      description: "Memory 使用率超过 90%"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeDiskRootHigh

      expr: (1 - node_filesystem_avail_bytes{job="consul-node-exporter",fstype=~"ext.|xfs",mountpoint ="/"} / node_filesystem_size_bytes{job="consul-node-exporter",fstype=~"ext.|xfs",mountpoint ="/"}) * 100 > 90

      for: 10m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} disk(/ 分区) 使用率过高"

      description: "Disk(/ 分区) 使用率超过 90%"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeDiskBootHigh

      expr: (1 - node_filesystem_avail_bytes{job="consul-node-exporter",fstype=~"ext.|xfs",mountpoint ="/boot"} / node_filesystem_size_bytes{job="consul-node-exporter",fstype=~"ext.|xfs",mountpoint ="/boot"}) * 100 > 80

      for: 10m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} disk(/boot 分区) 使用率过高"

      description: "Disk(/boot 分区) 使用率超过 80%"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeDiskReadHigh

      expr: irate(node_disk_read_bytes_total{job="consul-node-exporter"}[5m]) > 20 * (1024 ^ 2)

      for: 5m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} disk 读取字节数 速率过高"

      description: "Disk 读取字节数 速率超过 20 MB/s"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeDiskWriteHigh

      expr: irate(node_disk_written_bytes_total{job="consul-node-exporter"}[5m]) > 20 * (1024 ^ 2)

      for: 5m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} disk 写入字节数 速率过高"

      description: "Disk 写入字节数 速率超过 20 MB/s"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeDiskReadRateCountHigh

      expr: irate(node_disk_reads_completed_total{job="consul-node-exporter"}[5m]) > 3000

      for: 5m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} disk iops 每秒读取速率过高"

      description: "Disk iops 每秒读取速率超过 3000 iops"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeDiskWriteRateCountHigh

      expr: irate(node_disk_writes_completed_total{job="consul-node-exporter"}[5m]) > 3000

      for: 5m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} disk iops 每秒写入速率过高"

      description: "Disk iops 每秒写入速率超过 3000 iops"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeInodeRootUsedPercentHigh

      expr: (1 - node_filesystem_files_free{job="consul-node-exporter",fstype=~"ext4|xfs",mountpoint="/"} / node_filesystem_files{job="consul-node-exporter",fstype=~"ext4|xfs",mountpoint="/"}) * 100 > 80

      for: 10m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} disk(/ 分区) inode 使用率过高"

      description: "Disk (/ 分区) inode 使用率超过 80%"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeInodeBootUsedPercentHigh

      expr: (1 - node_filesystem_files_free{job="consul-node-exporter",fstype=~"ext4|xfs",mountpoint="/boot"} / node_filesystem_files{job="consul-node-exporter",fstype=~"ext4|xfs",mountpoint="/boot"}) * 100 > 80

      for: 10m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} disk(/boot 分区) inode 使用率过高"

      description: "Disk (/boot 分区) inode 使用率超过 80%"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeFilefdAllocatedPercentHigh

      expr: node_filefd_allocated{job="consul-node-exporter"} / node_filefd_maximum{job="consul-node-exporter"} * 100 > 80

      for: 10m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} filefd 打开百分比过高"

      description: "Filefd 打开百分比 超过 80%"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeNetworkNetinBitRateHigh

      expr: avg by (instance) (irate(node_network_receive_bytes_total{device=~"eth0|eth1|ens33|ens37"}[1m]) 8) > 20 (1024 ^ 2) * 8

      for: 3m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} network 接收比特数 速率过高"

      description: "Network 接收比特数 速率超过 20MB/s"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeNetworkNetoutBitRateHigh

      expr: avg by (instance) (irate(node_network_transmit_bytes_total{device=~"eth0|eth1|ens33|ens37"}[1m]) 8) > 20 (1024 ^ 2) * 8

      for: 3m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} network 发送比特数 速率过高"

      description: "Network 发送比特数 速率超过 20MB/s"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeNetworkNetinPacketErrorRateHigh

      expr: avg by (instance) (irate(node_network_receive_errs_total{device=~"eth0|eth1|ens33|ens37"}[1m])) > 15

      for: 3m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} 接收错误包 速率过高"

      description: "Network 接收错误包 速率超过 15个/秒"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeNetworkNetoutPacketErrorRateHigh

      expr: avg by (instance) (irate(node_network_transmit_packets_total{device=~"eth0|eth1|ens33|ens37"}[1m])) > 15

      for: 3m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} 发送错误包 速率过高"

      description: "Network 发送错误包 速率超过 15个/秒"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeProcessBlockedHigh

      expr: node_procs_blocked{job="consul-node-exporter"} > 10

      for: 10m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      instance: "{{C}{ $labels.instance }}"

      annotations:

      summary: "instance: {{C}{ $labels.instance }} 当前被阻塞的任务的数量过多"

      description: "Process 当前被阻塞的任务的数量超过 10个"

      value: "{{C}{ $value }}"

    • alert: NodeTimeOffsetHigh

      expr: abs(node_timex_offset_seconds{job="consul-node-exporter"}) > 3 * 60

      for: 2m

      labels:

      severity: info{{ $labels.instance }} 时间偏差过大"

      description: "Time 节点的时间偏差超过 3m"

      value: "{{ $value }}"

2）域名探测延迟告警

groups:

 

  • name: httsp-duration

    rules:

    • alert: DomainAccessDelayExceeds5s

      annotations:

      description: 域名：{{ $labels.instance }} 探测延迟大于 5 秒，当前延迟为：{{ $value }}

      summary: 域名探测，访问延迟超过 5 秒

      expr: sum(probe_http_duration_seconds{job=~"blackbox"}) by (instance) > 5

      for: 30m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      type: blackbox

 

3）域名连接告警

groups:

 

  • name: https-alert

    rules:

    • alert: https-domain-access

      annotations:

      description: 域名：{{ $labels.instance }} 失去连接

      summary: 域名失去连接5分钟

      expr: sum(probe_success{job=~"blackbox"}) by (instance) <= 0

      for: 30m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      type: blackbox

4）线路状态告警、网络流量线路告警

groups:

 

  • name: 本地网络接口线路掉线告警

    rules:

    • alert: "100M电信CN2海外"

      expr: ifOperStatus{group="snmp", hostname="AD-2", ifDescr="eth1", ifIndex="18", ifName="eth1", instance="X.X.X.X", job="snmp-1"} == 2

      for: 1s

      labels:

      severity: critical

      annotations:

      summary: "100M电信CN2海外线路异常"

      description: "AD-eth1接口-100M电信CN2海外线路连接断开，请及时处理！"

    • alert: "900M联通"

      expr: ifOperStatus{group="snmp", hostname="AD-2", ifDescr="eth2", ifIndex="19", ifName="eth2", instance="X.X.X.X", job="snmp-1"} == 2

      for: 1s

      labels:

      severity: critical

      annotations:

      summary: "900M联通线路异常"

      description: "AD-eth2接口-900M联通线路连接断开，请及时处理！"

    • alert: "1000M腾讯云"

      expr: ifOperStatus{group="snmp", hostname="AD-2",  ifDescr="eth3", ifIndex="20", ifName="eth3", instance="X.X.X.X", job="snmp-1"} == 2

      for: 1s

      labels:

      severity: critical

      annotations:

      summary: "1000M腾讯云线路异常"

      description: "AD-eth3接口-1000M腾讯云线路连接断开，请及时处理！"

    • alert: "200M中信"

      expr: ifOperStatus{group="snmp", hostname="AD-2", ifDescr="eth4", ifIndex="21", ifName="eth4", instance="X.X.X.X", job="snmp-1"} == 2

      for: 1s

      labels:

      severity: critical

      annotations:

      summary: "200M中信线路异常"

      description: "AD-eth4接口-200M中信线路连接断开，请及时处理！"

    • alert: "100M专线(IOA)"

      expr: ifOperStatus{group="snmp", hostname="AD-2", ifDescr="eth5", ifIndex="22", ifName="eth5", instance="X.X.X.X", job="snmp-1"} == 2

      for: 1s

      labels:

      severity: critical

      annotations:

      summary: "100M专线(IOA)线路异常"

      description: "AD-eth5接口-100M专线(IOA)线路连接断开，请及时处理！"

    • alert: "AD拨号-1000M电信"

      expr: ifOperStatus{group="snmp", hostname="AD-2", ifDescr="eth6", ifIndex="23", ifName="eth6", instance="X.X.X.X", job="snmp-1"} == 2

      for: 1s

      labels:

      severity: critical

      annotations:

      summary: "AD拨号-1000M电信线路异常"

      description: "AD-eth6接口-AD拨号-1000M电信线路连接断开，请及时处理！"

    • alert: "LAN"

      expr: ifOperStatus{group="snmp", hostname="AD-2",  ifDescr="eth7", ifIndex="24", ifName="eth7", instance="X.X.X.X", job="snmp-1"} == 2

      for: 1s

      labels:

      severity: critical

      annotations:

      summary: "LAN线路异常"

      description: "AD-eth7接口-LAN线路连接断开，请及时处理！"

    • alert: "100M中信备线"

      expr: ifOperStatus{group="snmp", hostname="AD-2", ifDescr="eth9", ifIndex="26", ifName="eth9", instance="X.X.X.X", job="snmp-1"} == 2

      for: 1s

      labels:

      severity: critical

      annotations:

      summary: "100M中信备线"

      description: "AD-eth9接口-100M中信备线线路连接断开，请及时处理！"

    • alert: "AD拨号-1000M联通"

      expr: ifOperStatus{group="snmp", hostname="AD-2", ifDescr="eth10", ifIndex="27", ifName="eth10", instance="X.X.X.X", job="snmp-1"} == 2

      for: 1s

      labels:

      severity: critical

      annotations:

      summary: "AD拨号-1000M联通"

      description: "AD-eth10接口-AD拨号-1000M联通线路连接断开，请及时处理！"

    • alert: "200M新加坡"

      expr: ifOperStatus{group="snmp", hostname="AD-2", ifDescr="eth11", ifIndex="28", ifName="eth11", instance="X.X.X.X", job="snmp-1"} == 2

      for: 1s

      labels:

      severity: critical

      annotations:

      summary: "200M新加坡"

      description: "AD-eth11接口-200M新加坡线路连接断开，请及时处理！"

    • alert: "1000M电信-路由2"

      expr: ifOperStatus{group="snmp", hostname="AD-2", ifDescr="eth12", ifIndex="29", ifName="eth12", instance="X.X.X.X", job="snmp-1"} == 2

      for: 1s

      labels:

      severity: critical

      annotations:

      summary: "1000M电信-路由2"

      description: "AD-eth11接口-1000M电信-路由2线路连接断开，请及时处理！"

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

groups:

 

  • name: 本地网络线路流量告警

    rules:

    • alert: 1000M电信-AD拨号上行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCOutOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth6"}[5m])) * 8 > 80e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到下行流量过高"

      description: "1000M电信-AD拨号线路上行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 1000M电信-AD拨号下行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCInOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth6"}[5m])) * 8 > 800e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到下行流量过高"

      description: "1000M电信-AD拨号线路下行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 1000M联通-AD拨号下行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCOutOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth10"}[5m])) * 8 > 80e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到上行流量过高"

      description: "1000M联通-AD拨号线路上行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 1000M联通-AD拨号下行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCInOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X" , hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth10"}[5m])) * 8 > 800e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到下行流量过高"

      description: "1000M联通-AD拨号线路下行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 1000M腾讯云上行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCOutOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth3"}[5m])) * 8 > 800e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到上行流量过高"

      description: "1000M腾讯云线路下行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 1000M腾讯云下行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCInOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth3"}[5m])) * 8 > 800e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到下行流量过高"

      description: "1000M腾讯云线路下行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 1000M电信-路由上行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCOutOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth12"}[5m])) * 8 > 800e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到上行流量过高"

      description: "1000M腾讯云线路下行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 1000M电线-路由下行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCInOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth12"}[5m])) * 8 > 800e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到下行流量过高"

      description: "1000M腾讯云线路下行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 100M-IOA专线上行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCOutOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth5"}[5m])) * 8 > 80e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到上行流量过高"

      description: "100M-IOA线路下行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert:  100M-IOA专线下行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCInOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth5"}[5m])) * 8 > 80e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到下行流量过高"

      description: "100M-IOA线路下行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 100M电信CN2上行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCOutOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth1"}[5m])) * 8 > 80e6

      for: 15s

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到下行流量过高"

      description: "100M电信CN2线路上行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 100M电信CN2下行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCInOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth1"}[5m])) * 8 > 80e6

      for: 15s

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到下行流量过高"

      description: "100M电信CN2线路下行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 100M中信备线上行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCOutOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth9"}[5m])) * 8 > 80e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到上行流量过高"

      description: "100M中信备线线路上行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 100M中信备线下行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCInOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth9"}[5m])) * 8 > 80e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到下行流量过高"

      description: "100M中信备线线路下行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 200M新加坡上行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCOutOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth11"}[5m])) * 8 > 160e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到下行流量过高"

      description: "200M新加坡线路下行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 200M新加坡下行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCInOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth11"}[5m])) * 8 > 160e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到下行流量过高"

      description: "200M新加坡上行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 200M中信上行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCOutOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth4"}[5m])) * 8 > 160e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到上行流量过高"

      description: "200M中信线路上行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 200M中信下行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCInOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth4"}[5m])) * 8 > 160e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到下行流量过高"

      description: "200M中信线路下行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 900M联通上行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCOutOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth2"}[5m])) * 8 > 80e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到上行流量过高"

      description: "900M联通线路上行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: 900M联通下行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCInOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth2"}[5m])) * 8 > 800e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到下行流量过高"

      description: "900M联通线路下行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: LAN上行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCInOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth7"}[5m])) * 8 > 500e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到上行流量过高"

      description: "LAN线路上行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

    • alert: LAN下行线路

      expr: (irate(ifHCInOctets{job="snmp-1",instance="X.X.X.X", hostname='AD-2',ifName="eth7"}[5m])) * 8 > 4000e6

      for: 1m

      labels:

      severity: warning

      annotations:

      summary: "检测到下行流量过高"

      description: "LAN线路下行流量超过线路总流量的80%,请及时处理！"

  •  

4、配置alertmanager

1）配置alertmanager配置文件 vim alertmanager.yml

 

global:

resolve_timeout: 5m

smtp_smarthost: smtp.163.com:25

smtp_from: X.X.X.X@163.com

smtp_auth_username: X.X.X.X@163.com

smtp_auth_password: X.X.X.X

smtp_require_tls: false

 

templates:

 

  • /etc/alertmanager/mail.tmpl

 

route:

group_by: ['alertname']

group_wait: 30s

group_interval: 5m

repeat_interval: 6h

receiver: 'email'

routes:

- match:

severity: 'critical'      #线路掉线告警、宕机告警

receiver: 'webhook-critical'

- match:

severity: 'critical'

receiver: 'email'

- match:

secerity: 'P1,P2'         #服务告警

receiver: 'email'

- match:

secerity: 'warning'       #线路告警

receiver: 'https-alert'

receivers:

 

  • name: 'email'

    email_configs:

    • to: 'bingbingtang@chaocanshu.ai, davisdeng@chaocanshu.ai, ivanli@chaocanshu.ai'

      html: '{{C}{ template "email.to.html" . }}'

      send_resolved: true

  • name: 'webhook-critical'

    webhook_configs:

    • url: 'https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/webhook/send?key=463d19a3-c3df-4345-a1ff-ff6e7c2a869d'

      email_configs:

    • to: 'bingbingtang@chaocanshu.ai, davisdeng@chaocanshu.ai, ivanli@chaocanshu.ai'

      html: '{{C}{ template "email.to.html" . }}'

      send_resolved: true

  • name: 'https-alert'

    email_configs:

    • to: 'bingbingtang@chaocanshu.ai, davisdeng@chaocanshu.ai, ivanli@chaocanshu.ai'

      html: '{{C}{ template "email03.to.html" . }}'

      send_resolved: true

inhibit_rules:

  • source_match:

    severity: 'critical'

    target_match:

    severity: 'warning'

    equal: ['alertname', 'cluster', 'service']

  • source_match:

    severity: 'warning'

    target_match:

    severity: 'info'

 

2）配置告警模板 vimmail.tmpl (网络线路告警和机器告警不使用同一个告警模板)

 

{{ define "email.to.html" }}

{{- if gt (len .Alerts.Firing) 0 -}}{{ range .Alerts }}

 

==========异常告警==========

 

告警程序: prometheus_alert

告警级别: {{ .Labels.severity }} 级

告警类型: {{ .Labels.alertname }}

故障主机: {{ .Labels.instance }}

告警主题: {{ .Annotations.summary }}

告警详情: {{ .Annotations.description }}

触发时间: {{ .StartsAt.Local.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05" }}

{{ end }}{{ end -}}

{{- if gt (len .Alerts.Resolved) 0 -}}{{ range .Alerts }}

 

==========异常恢复==========

 

告警程序: prometheus_alert

故障主机: {{ .Labels.instance }}

故障主题: {{ .Annotations.summary }}

告警详情: {{ .Annotations.description }}

告警时间: {{ .StartsAt.Local.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05" }}

恢复时间: {{ (.EndsAt.Add 28800e9).Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05" }}

{{ end }}{{ end -}}

{{- end }}

 

{{ define "email03.to.html" }}

{{- if gt (len .Alerts.Firing) 0 -}}{{ range .Alerts }}

 

==========异常告警==========

 

告警程序: prometheus_alert

告警级别: {{ .Labels.severity }} 级

告警主题: {{ .Annotations.summary }}

告警详情: {{ .Annotations.description }}

触发时间: {{ .StartsAt.Local.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05" }}

{{ end }}{{ end -}}

{{- if gt (len .Alerts.Resolved) 0 -}}{{ range .Alerts }}

 

==========异常恢复==========

 

告警程序: prometheus_alert

告警级别: {{ .Labels.severity }} 级

故障主题: {{ .Annotations.summary }}

告警详情: {{ .Annotations.description }}

告警时间: {{ .StartsAt.Local.Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05" }}

恢复时间: {{ (.EndsAt.Add 28800e9).Format "2006-01-02 15:04:05" }}

{{ end }}{{ end -}}

{{- end }}

 

5、配置成consul

1)采用分离部署，consul单独写一个docker-compose.yml,集群部署方式

 

prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi

2）vim docker-compose.yml

 

version: '3.7'

services:

consul1:

image: hashicorp/consul:latest

container_name: consul1

restart: always

command: agent -server -client=0.0.0.0 -bootstrap-expect=3 -node=consul1

volumes:

- ./consul1/data:/consul/data

- ./consul1/config:/consul/config

networks:

- prom

consul2:

image: hashicorp/consul:latest

container_name: consul2

restart: always

command: agent -server -client=0.0.0.0 -retry-join=consul1 -node=consul2

volumes:

- ./consul2/data:/consul/data

- ./consul2/config:/consul/config

networks:

- prom

consul3:

image: hashicorp/consul:latest

container_name: consul3

restart: always

command: agent -server -client=0.0.0.0 -retry-join=consul1 -node=consul3

volumes:

- ./consul3/data:/consul/data

- ./consul3/config:/consul/config

networks:

- prom

consul4:

image: hashicorp/consul:latest

container_name: consul4

restart: always

ports:

- 8500:8500

command: agent -client=0.0.0.0 -retry-join=consul1 -ui -node=client1

volumes:

- ./consul4/data:/consul/data

- ./consul4/config:/consul/config

networks:

- prom

 

networks:

prom:

driver: bridge

 

3) 配置自动注册脚本、hosts注册主机信息(注意这两个文件必须放在同一目录下)

[root@prometheus-2 consul]# cat hosts

prometheus X.X.X.X

prometheus-test X.X.X.X

test-nginx X.X.X.X

snipeit X.X.X.X

prometheus-2 X.X.X.X

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[root@prometheus-2 consul]# cat linux-node.sh

#!/bin/bash

 

CONSUL_SERVER="X.X.X.X"

 

while read -r host_name host_addr

do

payload='{"id": "'"$host_addr"'","name": "node-exporter","address": "'"$host_addr"'","port":9100,"tags": ["linux-node", "instance='"$host_name"'"],"checks": [{"http": "http://'"$host_addr"':9100/","interval": "15s"}]}'

 

curl -X PUT -d "$payload" "http://$CONSUL_SERVER:8500/v1/agent/service/register"

done < hosts

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6、配置本地实体物理机

1）进入vm_config目录（注意，每台实体机监控都需要配置一个地址账号密码环境变量）

[root@prometheus-2 vm_config]# ls

vm2_config.env vm3_config.env vm_config.env

[root@prometheus-2 vm_config]# cat *

VSPHERE_USER=root

VSPHERE_PASSWORD=x.x.x.x

VSPHERE_HOST=x.x.x.x

VSPHERE_IGNORE_SSL=TRUE

VSPHERE_SPECS_SIZE=2000

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

VSPHERE_USER=root

VSPHERE_PASSWORD=x.x.x.x

VSPHERE_HOST=x.x.x.x

VSPHERE_IGNORE_SSL=TRUE

VSPHERE_SPECS_SIZE=2000

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

VSPHERE_USER=root

VSPHERE_PASSWORD=x.x.x.x

VSPHERE_HOST=x.x.x.x

VSPHERE_IGNORE_SSL=TRUE

VSPHERE_SPECS_SIZE=2000

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

7、配置blackbox_exporter

1)拉取github项目 wget clone https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter.git

2)修改blackbox.yml配置文件 vim blackbox.yml

modules:

http_2xx:

prober: http

http:

preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4"

http_post_2xx:

prober: http

http:

method: POST

tcp_connect:

prober: tcp

pop3s_banner:

prober: tcp

tcp:

query_response:

- expect: "^+OK"

tls: true

tls_config:

insecure_skip_verify: false

grpc:

prober: grpc

grpc:

tls: true

preferred_ip_protocol: "ip4"

grpc_plain:

prober: grpc

grpc:

tls: false

service: "service1"

ssh_banner:

prober: tcp

tcp:

query_response:

- expect: "^SSH-2.0-"

- send: "SSH-2.0-blackbox-ssh-check"

irc_banner:

prober: tcp

tcp:

query_response:

- send: "NICK prober"

- send: "USER prober prober prober :prober"

- expect: "PING :([^ ]+)"

send: "PONG ${1}"

- expect: ":[ ]+ 001"

icmp:

prober: icmp

icmp_ttl5:

prober: icmp

timeout: 5s

icmp:

ttl: 5

 

8、配置snmp_exporter

1）拉取github项目wget clone https://github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter.git

2) 确保系统有GO环境、使用生成器生成配置信息

cd snmp_exporter/generator

make generator mibs

make generate

3）在mibs文件夹中添加被监控机器的mib文件信息

 

prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi

4）配置generator.yml文件

modules:

sangfor:

walk:

- sfSysDevName         # 系统主机名称

- adStandByState       # 双机主备状态

- sfCpuLoadLast1Min    # cpu过去1分钟的平均负载

- sfCpuLoadLast5Min    # cpu过去5分钟的平均负载

- sfCpuLoadLast15Min   # cpu过去15分钟的平均负载

- sfCpuTemp            # cpu温度

- sfSysTotalMemory     # 内存总大小(KB)

- sfSysFreeMemory      # 内存可用大小(KB)

- sfDiskSize           # 磁盘大小(M)

- sfFilesystemName     # 磁盘分区名称

- sfDiskUsed           # 磁盘使用的空间(M)

- sfDiskAvail          # 磁盘剩余空间(M)

- sfDiskUsedPercent    # 磁盘使用率(%)

- sfDeviceStatus       # 磁盘状态

- sfFanName            # 风扇名称

- sfFanSpeed           # 风扇转速

- sfFanState           # 风扇状态

- sfPowerState         # 电源状态

- adConns              # 系统并发连接数

- adNewConns           # 系统新建连接数

- adVsConns            # 所有虚拟服务并发连接数

- adVsNewConns         # 所有虚拟服务新建连接数

- adUplinkThroughput   # 所有链路上行流量（整型）

- adDownlinkThroughput # 所有链路下行流量 （整型）

- adMemCostRate        # 内存使用率

- adHttpRequest        # 当前设备http请求速率

- adVsNumber           # 虚拟服务数量

- adPoolNumber         # 节点池数量

- adNodeNumber         # 节点数量

- adLinkName           # 链路名称

- adLinkType           # 链路类型

- adLinkIfName         # 链路引用的网口

- adLinkStatus         # 链路状态，0为离线，1为正常，2为繁忙

- adLinkBitIn          # 链路上行流量

- adLinkBitOut         # 链路下行流量

- adLinkNumber         # 设备链路个数

- adCpuCostRate        # CPU使用率

- adUptime             # 系统运行时间

- adInterfaceName      # 网口名称

- adInterfaceBitIn     # 网口上行数据

max_repetitions: 25

retries: 3

timeout: 5s

version: 2 #snmpV2版本

auth:

community: public #设备团体名

lookups:

  • source_indexes: [LinkIndex]

    lookup: adLinkType

  • source_indexes: [LinkIndex]

    lookup: adLinkIfName

  • source_indexes: [LinkIndex]

    lookup: adLinkName

overrides:

sfSysDevName:

type: DisplayString

sfSysCpuCostRate:

type: DisplayString

sfCpuLoadLast1Min:

type: DisplayString

sfCpuTemp:

type: DisplayString

adStandByState:

type: DisplayString

adLinkName:

type: DisplayString

 

5）使用配置器生成snmp.yml配置文件 （用docker生成）

docker run -it -v "${PWD}:/opt/" prom/snmp-generator:master generate

9、配置nginx代理

1）进入nginx文件夹修改配置信息

目录结构[root@prometheus-2 nginx]# tree

├── conf.d

│   └── default.conf #nginx.config配置文件

├── html

│   └── index.html #访问展示页面

└── image #存放image图像

├── alertmanager.png

├── consul.png

├── grafana.jpg

├── x.x.x.x.png

└── prometheus.png

 

 

vim nginx/conf.d/default.conf

 

server {
listen       80;
listen  [::]:80;
server_name  localhost;

#access_log  /var/log/nginx/host.access.log  main;

location / {
    root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    index  index.html index.htm;
}

#error_page  404              /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
    root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
}

# Add a new location for image storage                     #配置可以识别image图片
location /image/ {
    alias /image/;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
#    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
#}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
#    root           html;
#    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
#    fastcgi_index  index.php;
#    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
#    include        fastcgi_params;
#}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
#    deny  all;
#}

 

2）配置访问展示页面

  1. [root@prometheus-2 html]# cat index.html
  2.  
  3.  
  4.  
  5.  
  6.  
  8.  
  9.  
  10.  
  11.  
  12.  
  13.  
  14.  
  15. prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi
  16.  
  17. Prometheus Monitoring
  18.  
  19. Click to Enter
  20.  
  21.  
  22.  
  23.  
  24.  
  25. prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi
  26.  
  27. Grafana Dashboard
  28.  
  29. Click to Enter
  30.  
  31.  
  32.  
  33.  
  34.  
  35. prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi
  36.  
  37. Alertmanager Notifications
  38.  
  39. Click to Enter
  40.  
  41.  
  42.  
  43.  
  44.  
  45. prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi
  46.  
  47. Consul Service Discovery
  48.  
  49. Click to Enter
  50.  
  51.  
  52.  
  53.  
  54.  
  55.  
  56. prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi
  57.  
  58. IOA-Grafana
  59.  
  60. Click to Enter
  61.  
  62.  
  63.  
  64.  
  65.  
  66.  
  67.  
  68.  

10、可用性验证

1）访问nginx代理域名

 

prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi

2）prometheus展示

 

prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi

 

 

prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi

3）grafana展示

 

prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi

 

prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi

 

prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi

 

prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi

 

prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi

4）alertmanager展示

 

prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi

5）consul展示

 

prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi

 

到此这篇关于prometheus监控服务器、网络设备、Vmware-esxi的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关内容请搜索服务器之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持服务器之家！

原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/2303_77150012/article/details/130337807

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