1、用for循环把一个字典合并到另一个字典
把a字典合并到b字典中,相当于用for循环遍历a字典,然后取出a字典的键值对,放进b字典,这种方法python中进行了简化,封装成b.update(a)实现
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>>> a = { 'device_type' : 'cisco_ios' , 'username' : 'admin' , 'password' : 'cisco' } >>> b = { 'name' : 'r1' } >>> for k, v in a.items(): ... b[k] = v ... >>> a { 'device_type' : 'cisco_ios' , 'username' : 'admin' , 'password' : 'cisco' } >>> b { 'name' : 'r1' , 'device_type' : 'cisco_ios' , 'username' : 'admin' , 'password' : 'cisco' } |
2、用dict(b, **a)方法构造一个新字典
使用**a的方法,可以快速的打开字典a的数据,可以使用这个方法来构造一个新的字典
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>>> a = { 'device_type' : 'cisco_ios' , 'username' : 'admin' , 'password' : 'cisco' } >>> b = { 'name' : 'r1' } >>> c = dict (b, * * a) >>> c { 'name' : 'r1' , 'device_type' : 'cisco_ios' , 'username' : 'admin' , 'password' : 'cisco' } >>> a { 'device_type' : 'cisco_ios' , 'username' : 'admin' , 'password' : 'cisco' } >>> b { 'name' : 'r1' } |
3、用b.update(a)的方法,更新字典
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>>> a = { 'device_type' : 'cisco_ios' , 'username' : 'admin' , 'password' : 'cisco' } >>> b = { 'name' : 'r1' } >>> b.update(a) >>> a { 'device_type' : 'cisco_ios' , 'username' : 'admin' , 'password' : 'cisco' } >>> b { 'name' : 'r1' , 'device_type' : 'cisco_ios' , 'username' : 'admin' , 'password' : 'cisco' } |
4、把字典转换成列表合并后,再转换成字典
利用a.items()的方法把字典拆分成键值对元组,然后强制转换成列表,合并list(a.items())和list(b.items()),并使用dict把合并后的列表转换成一个新字典
(1)利用a.items()、b.items()把a、b两个字典转换成元组键值对列表
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>>> a = { 'device_type' : 'cisco_ios' , 'username' : 'admin' , 'password' : 'cisco' } >>> b = { 'name' : 'r1' } >>> a.items() dict_items([( 'device_type' , 'cisco_ios' ), ( 'username' , 'admin' ), ( 'password' , 'cisco' )]) >>> b.items() dict_items([( 'name' , 'r1' )]) >>> list (a.items()) [( 'device_type' , 'cisco_ios' ), ( 'username' , 'admin' ), ( 'password' , 'cisco' )] >>> list (b.items()) [( 'name' , 'r1' )] |
(2)合并列表并且把合并后的列表转换成字典
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>>> dict ( list (a.items()) + list (b.items())) { 'device_type' : 'cisco_ios' , 'username' : 'admin' , 'password' : 'cisco' , 'name' : 'r1' } |
5、实例,netmiko使用json格式的数据进行自动化操作
(1)json格式的处理
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#! /usr/bin/env python3 # _*_ coding: utf-8 _*_ import json def creat_net_device_info(net_name, device, hostname, user, passwd): dict_device_info = { 'device_type' : device, 'ip' : hostname, 'username' : user, 'password' : passwd } dict_connection = { 'connect' : dict_device_info} dict_net_name = { 'name' : net_name} data = dict (dict_net_name, * * dict_connection) data = json.dumps(data) return print (f '生成的json列表如下:\n{data}' ) if __name__ = = '__main__' : net_name = input ( '输入网络设备名称R1或者SW1的形式:' ) device = input ( '输入设备类型cisco_ios/huawei: ' ) hostname = input ( '输入管理IP地址: ' ) user = input ( '输入设备登录用户名: ' ) passwd = input ( '输入设备密码: ' ) json_founc = creat_net_device_info json_founc(net_name, device, hostname, user, passwd) |
(2)json格式的设备信息列表
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[ { "name" : "R1" , "connect" :{ "device_type" : "cisco_ios" , "ip" : "192.168.47.10" , "username" : "admin" , "password" : "cisco" } }, { "name" : "R2" , "connect" :{ "device_type" : "cisco_ios" , "ip" : "192.168.47.20" , "username" : "admin" , "password" : "cisco" } }, { "name" : "R3" , "connect" :{ "device_type" : "cisco_ios" , "ip" : "192.168.47.30" , "username" : "admin" , "password" : "cisco" } }, { "name" : "R4" , "connect" :{ "device_type" : "cisco_ios" , "ip" : "192.168.47.40" , "username" : "admin" , "password" : "cisco" } }, { "name" : "R5" , "connect" :{ "device_type" : "cisco_ios" , "ip" : "192.168.47.50" , "username" : "admin" , "password" : "cisco" } } ] |
(3)netmiko读取json类型信息示例
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#! /usr/bin/env python3 # _*_ coding: utf-8 _*_ import os import sys import json from datetime import datetime from netmiko import ConnectHandler from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor as Pool def write_config_file(filename, config_list): with open (filename, 'w+' ) as f: for config in config_list: f.write(config) def auto_config(net_dev_info, config_file): ssh_client = ConnectHandler( * * net_dev_info[ 'connect' ]) #把json格式的字典传入 hostname = net_dev_info[ 'name' ] hostips = net_dev_info[ 'connect' ] hostip = hostips[ 'ip' ] print ( 'login ' + hostname + ' success !' ) output = ssh_client.send_config_from_file(config_file) file_name = f '{hostname} + {hostip}.txt' print (output) write_config_file(file_name, output) def main(net_info_file_path, net_eveng_config_path): this_time = datetime.now() this_time = this_time.strftime( '%F %H-%M-%S' ) foldername = this_time old_folder_name = os.path.exists(foldername) if old_folder_name = = True : print ( '文件夹名字冲突,程序终止\n' ) sys.exit() else : os.mkdir(foldername) print (f '正在创建目录 {foldername}' ) os.chdir(foldername) print (f '进入目录 {foldername}' ) net_configs = [] with open (net_info_file_path, 'r' ) as f: devices = json.load(f) #载入一个json格式的列表,json.load必须传入一个别表 with open (net_eveng_config_path, 'r' ) as config_path_list: for config_path in config_path_list: config_path = config_path.strip() net_configs.append(config_path) with Pool(max_workers = 6 ) as t: for device, net_config in zip (devices, net_configs): task = t.submit(auto_config, device, net_config) print (task.result()) if __name__ = = '__main__' : #net_info_file_path = '~/net_dev_info.json' #net_eveng_config_path = '~/eve_config_path.txt' net_info_file_path = input ( '请输入设备json_inventory文件路径: ' ) net_eveng_config_path = input ( '请输入记录设备config路径的配置文件路径: ' ) main(net_info_file_path, net_eveng_config_path) |
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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/m0_64355682/article/details/123679785