python超详细实现完整学生成绩管理系统

学生成绩管理系统简介

一个带有登录界面具有增减改查功能的学生成绩管理系统(面向对象思想，利用tkinter库进行制作，利用.txt文件进行存储数据)

源代码

仅供学习参考，最好还是自己多敲多练习(实践是检验真理的唯一标准)

students.txt

用于存储数据

main.py

from tkinter import *
from Login import *
import tkinter as tk

root = tk.Tk()
root.title('欢迎进入学生成绩管理系统')
LoginPage(root)
root.mainloop()

Login.py

from tkinter import *
from tkinter.messagebox import *
from MenuPage import *


class LoginPage(object):
  def __init__(self, master=None):
      self.root = master  # 定义内部变量root
      self.root.geometry('%dx%d' % (300, 180))  # 设置窗口大小
      self.username = StringVar()
      self.password = StringVar()
      self.createPage()

  def createPage(self):
      self.page = Frame(self.root)  # 创建Frame
      self.page.pack()
      Label(self.page).grid(row=0, stick=W)
      Label(self.page, text='账户: ').grid(row=1, stick=W, pady=10)
      Entry(self.page, textvariable=self.username).grid(row=1, column=1, stick=E)
      Label(self.page, text='密码: ').grid(row=2, stick=W, pady=10)
      Entry(self.page, textvariable=self.password, show='*').grid(row=2, column=1, stick=E)
      Button(self.page, text='登陆', command=self.loginCheck).grid(row=3, stick=W, pady=10)
      Button(self.page, text='退出', command=self.page.quit).grid(row=3, column=1, stick=E)

  def loginCheck(self):
      name = self.username.get()
      password = self.password.get()
      if name == 'hacker707' and password == 'admin':
          self.page.destroy()
          MenuPage(self.root)
      else:
          showinfo(title='错误', message='账号或密码错误！')

db.py

import json


class StudentDB(object):
  def __init__(self):
      self.students = []
      self._load_students_data()

  def insert(self, student):
      self.students.append(student)
      print(self.students)

  def all(self):
      return self.students

  def delete_by_name(self, name):  # 删除数据
      for student in self.students:
          if name == student["name"]:
              self.students.remove(student)
              break
      else:
          return False
      return True

  # 查询
  def search_by_name(self, name):
      for student in self.students:
          if name == student["name"]:
              return student  # 姓名+成绩
      else:
          return False

  # 修改
  def update(self, stu):  # 修改数据
      name = stu["name"]
      for student in self.students:
          if name == student["name"]:
              student.update(stu)
              return True
      else:
          return False

  # 加载文件
  def _load_students_data(self):
      with open("students.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
          text = f.read()
      if text:
          self.students = json.loads(text)

  # 保存数据
  def save_data(self):
      with open("students.txt", 'w', encoding="utf-8") as f:
          text = json.dumps(self.students, ensure_ascii=False)
          f.write(text)


db = StudentDB()

MenuPage.py

import tkinter as tk
from view import *


class MenuPage(object):
  def __init__(self, master=None):
      self.root = master
      self.root.geometry('%dx%d' % (600, 400))
      self.create_page()
      self.input_page = InputFrame(self.root)
      self.query_page = QuerryFrame(self.root)
      self.delete_page = DeleteFrame(self.root)
      self.update_page = UpdateFrame(self.root)
      self.about_page = AboutFrame(self.root)
      self.input_page.pack()

  def create_page(self):
      # 创建菜单对象
      menubar = tk.Menu(self.root)
      # add_command 添加
      menubar.add_command(label="录入", command=self.input_data)  # label
      menubar.add_command(label="查询", command=self.query_data)  # label
      menubar.add_command(label="删除", command=self.delete_data)  # label
      menubar.add_command(label="修改", command=self.update_data)  # label
      menubar.add_command(label="关于", command=self.about_data)  # label
      # 设置菜单栏
      self.root.config(menu=menubar)

  # 切换界面
  def input_data(self):
      self.input_page.pack()
      self.update_page.pack_forget()
      self.delete_page.pack_forget()
      self.about_page.pack_forget()
      self.query_page.pack_forget()

  def query_data(self):
      self.input_page.pack_forget()
      self.query_page.pack()
      self.update_page.pack_forget()
      self.delete_page.pack_forget()
      self.about_page.pack_forget()

  def update_data(self):
      self.input_page.pack_forget()
      self.update_page.pack()
      self.delete_page.pack_forget()
      self.about_page.pack_forget()
      self.query_page.pack_forget()

  def delete_data(self):
      self.input_page.pack_forget()
      self.update_page.pack_forget()
      self.delete_page.pack()
      self.about_page.pack_forget()
      self.query_page.pack_forget()

  def about_data(self):
      self.input_page.pack_forget()
      self.update_page.pack_forget()
      self.delete_page.pack_forget()
      self.about_page.pack()
      self.query_page.pack_forget()

view.py

import tkinter as tk
from db import db
from tkinter import ttk


# 录入类
class InputFrame(tk.Frame):
  def __init__(self, master=None):
      super().__init__(master)
      self.root = master
      self.name = tk.StringVar()
      self.math = tk.StringVar()
      self.chinese = tk.StringVar()
      self.english = tk.StringVar()
      self.status = tk.StringVar()
      self.create_page()

  def create_page(self):
      tk.Label(self).grid(row=0, stick=tk.W, pady=10)
      tk.Label(self, text="姓名:").grid(row=1, stick=tk.W, pady=10)
      # 单行文本框 entry，textvariable绑定变量
      tk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.name).grid(row=1, column=1, stick=tk.E)

      tk.Label(self, text="数学:").grid(row=2, stick=tk.W, pady=10)
      # 单行文本框 entry，textvariable绑定变量
      tk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.math).grid(row=2, column=1, stick=tk.E)

      tk.Label(self, text="语文:").grid(row=3, stick=tk.W, pady=10)
      # 单行文本框 entry，textvariable绑定变量
      tk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.chinese).grid(row=3, column=1, stick=tk.E)

      tk.Label(self, text="英语:").grid(row=4, stick=tk.W, pady=10)
      # 单行文本框 entry，textvariable绑定变量
      tk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.english).grid(row=4, column=1, stick=tk.E)

      tk.Button(self, text="录入", command=self.recode_student).grid(row=5, column=1, stick=tk.E, pady=10)
      tk.Label(self, textvariable=self.status).grid(row=6, column=1, stick=tk.E, pady=10)

  # 录入成绩
  def recode_student(self):
      student = {
          "name": self.name.get(),
          "math": self.math.get(),
          "chinese": self.chinese.get(),
          "english": self.english.get(),
      }  # 一个学生的成绩
      db.insert(student)
      # get()得到值
      # set()设置值
      self.status.set("插入数据成功！")
      self._clear_data()
      db.save_data()

  # 清空文本数据
  def _clear_data(self):
      self.name.set("")
      self.math.set("")
      self.chinese.set("")
      self.english.set("")


# 查询类
class QuerryFrame(tk.Frame):
  def __init__(self, master=None):
      super().__init__(master)
      self.root = master
      self.create_page()

  # 创建查询界面
  def create_page(self):
      self.create_tree_view()
      self.show_data_frame()
      # grid()
      tk.Button(self, text="刷新数据", command=self.show_data_frame).pack(anchor=tk.E, pady=5)

  # Treeview
  def create_tree_view(self):
      # 表头
      columns = ("name", "chinese", "math", "english")
      self.tree_view = ttk.Treeview(self, show='headings', columns=columns)
      self.tree_view.column("name", width=80, anchor='center')
      self.tree_view.column("chinese", width=80, anchor='center')
      self.tree_view.column("math", width=80, anchor='center')
      self.tree_view.column("english", width=80, anchor='center')
      self.tree_view.heading("name", text='姓名')
      self.tree_view.heading("chinese", text='语文')
      self.tree_view.heading("math", text='数学')
      self.tree_view.heading("english", text='英语')
      self.tree_view.pack()

  # 显示数据
  def show_data_frame(self):
      # 删除原节点 map(int,值）
      for i in map(self.tree_view.delete, self.tree_view.get_children("")):
          pass
      # 拿到列表里面所有值、students[]
      students = db.all()
      # 同时拿到索引跟value值
      for index, stu in enumerate(students):
          self.tree_view.insert('', index, values=(stu["name"], stu["chinese"], stu
          ["math"], stu["english"]))


class DeleteFrame(tk.Frame):
  def __init__(self, master=None):
      super().__init__(master)
      tk.Label(self, text='删除数据').pack()
      self.status = tk.StringVar()
      self.de_name = tk.StringVar()  # 获取删除学生的姓名
      self.create_page()

  # 创建界面
  def create_page(self):
      tk.Label(self, text="根据姓名删除信息").pack(anchor=tk.W, padx=20)
      e1 = tk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.de_name)
      e1.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=20, pady=5)

      tk.Button(self, text='删除', command=self._delete).pack(side=tk.RIGHT)
      tk.Label(self, textvariable=self.status).pack()

  # 删除
  def _delete(self):
      name = self.de_name.get()
      print(name)
      result = db.delete_by_name(name)
      if result:
          self.status.set(f'{name}已经被删')
          self.de_name.set("")
      else:
          self.status.set(f'{name}不存在')


class UpdateFrame(tk.Frame):
  def __init__(self, master=None):
      super().__init__(master)
      self.root = master
      tk.Label(self, text='修改界面').pack()
      self.change_frame = tk.Frame(self)
      self.change_frame.pack()
      self.name = tk.StringVar()
      self.math = tk.StringVar()
      self.chinese = tk.StringVar()
      self.english = tk.StringVar()
      self.status = tk.StringVar()
      self.create_page()

  def create_page(self):
      tk.Label(self.change_frame).grid(row=0, stick=tk.W, pady=10)
      tk.Label(self.change_frame, text="姓名:").grid(row=1, stick=tk.W, pady=10)
      # 单行文本框 entry，textvariable绑定变量
      tk.Entry(self.change_frame, textvariable=self.name).grid(row=1, column=1, stick=tk.E)

      tk.Label(self.change_frame, text="数学:").grid(row=2, stick=tk.W, pady=10)
      # 单行文本框 entry，textvariable绑定变量
      tk.Entry(self.change_frame, textvariable=self.math).grid(row=2, column=1, stick=tk.E)

      tk.Label(self.change_frame, text="语文:").grid(row=3, stick=tk.W, pady=10)
      # 单行文本框 entry，textvariable绑定变量
      tk.Entry(self.change_frame, textvariable=self.chinese).grid(row=3, column=1, stick=tk.E)

      tk.Label(self.change_frame, text="英语:").grid(row=4, stick=tk.W, pady=10)
      # 单行文本框 entry，textvariable绑定变量
      tk.Entry(self.change_frame, textvariable=self.english).grid(row=4, column=1, stick=tk.E)

      # 按钮
      tk.Button(self.change_frame, text='查询', command=self._search).grid(row=6, column=0, stick=tk.W, pady=10)
      tk.Button(self.change_frame, text='修改', command=self._change).grid(row=6, column=1, stick=tk.E, pady=10)

      tk.Label(self.change_frame, textvariable=self.status).grid(row=7, column=1, stick=tk.E, pady=10)

  # 查询
  def _search(self):
      name = self.name.get()
      student = db.search_by_name(name)
      if student:
          self.math.set(student["math"])
          self.chinese.set(student["chinese"])
          self.english.set(student["english"])
          self.status.set(f'查询到{name}同学的信息')
      else:
          self.status.set(f'没有查询到{name}同学的信息')

  #  更改成绩
  def _change(self):
      name = self.name.get()
      math = self.math.get()
      chinese = self.chinese.get()
      english = self.english.get()
      stu = {
          "name": name,
          "math": math,
          "chinese": chinese,
          "english": english,
      }
      r = db.update(stu)
      if r:
          self.status.set(f"{name}同学的信息更新完毕")
      else:
          self.status.set(f"{name}同学的信息更新失败")


class AboutFrame(tk.Frame):
  def __init__(self, master=None):
      super().__init__(master)
      self.root = master
      self.create_page()

  def create_page(self):
      tk.Label(self, text="关于本作品(人生苦短，我用python)").pack(anchor=tk.W)

以上就是使用python实现学生成绩管理系统，如果有改进的建议，欢迎在评论区留言奥~

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xqe777/article/details/123532947