xlwt工具使用,生成excel栏位宽度可自适应内容长度
import xlwt result = [ ["姓名", "性别", "年龄"], ["张三11111111111111111", "男", 186], ["李四", "男", 18], ["小花", "女", 16], ["梅梅", "女", 14], ] total = [ ["男(人)", "女(人)", "共(人)"], [2, 2, 4], ] # 获取字符串长度,一个中文的长度为2 def len_byte(value): length = len(value) utf8_length = len(value.encode("utf-8")) length = (utf8_length - length) / 2 + length return int(length) #设置字体 font = xlwt.Font() font.bold = True #设置边框 borders = xlwt.Borders() borders.left = xlwt.Borders.THIN borders.right = xlwt.Borders.THIN borders.top = xlwt.Borders.THIN borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.THIN #设置居中 alignment = xlwt.Alignment() alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER #水平方向 alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_TOP #垂直方向 #设置背景颜色 pattern = xlwt.Pattern() pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 3 #背景颜色 #定义不同的excel style style1 = xlwt.XFStyle() style1.font = font style1.borders = borders style1.alignment = alignment style2 = xlwt.XFStyle() style2.borders = borders style2.alignment = alignment style3 = xlwt.XFStyle() style3.borders = borders style3.alignment = alignment style4 = xlwt.XFStyle() style4.borders = borders style4.font = font style4.pattern = pattern style4.alignment = alignment workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding="utf-8") worksheet = workbook.add_sheet("My Worksheet") #确定栏位宽度 col_width = [] for i in range(len(result)): for j in range(len(result[i])): if i == 0: col_width.append(len_byte(result[i][j])) else: if col_width[j] < len_byte(str(result[i][j])): col_width[j] = len_byte(result[i][j]) #设置栏位宽度,栏位宽度小于10时候采用默认宽度 for i in range(len(col_width)): if col_width[i] > 10: worksheet.col(i).width = 256 * (col_width[i] + 1) #设置栏位高度 # tall_style = xlwt.easyxf("font:height 720;") #设置字体高度 # row0 = worksheet.row(0) # row0.set_style(tall_style) #excel内容写入 for i in range(len(result)): for j in range(len(result[i])): if i == 0: worksheet.write(i, j, label=result[i][j], style=style1) else: worksheet.write(i, j, label=result[i][j], style=style2) #excel统计结果写入 for m in range(len(total)): for n in range(len(total[m])): if m == 0: worksheet.write(m + i + 3, n + 2, label=total[m][n], style=style4) else: worksheet.write(m + i + 3, n + 2, label=total[m][n], style=style2) #合并单元格 worksheet.write_merge(m + i + 4, m + i + 6, 2, 4, label="统计: 签名:", style=style3) workbook.save("Excel_Workbook.xls")
xlwt模块自适应列宽写入excel
最近需要写一个用python将数据写入excel的小工具,遇到了自适应列宽写入excel的问题,特此记录下解决思路及过程。
运行环境:Windows10、PyCharm 2017.3.2、Python3.6、xlwt1.3.0
编写小dome如下
import xlwt """ 利用python的xlwt模块自适应列宽写入excel """ row_num = 0 # 记录写入行数 # 个人信息:姓名,性别,年龄,手机号,固定电话,邮箱 line_name = ["姓名","性别","年龄","手机号","固定电话","邮箱"] data = [ ["厘清","女","31","18745214693","010-4784125","5412546qq.com"], ["张三","男","26","18245554693","010-4784125","无"], ["王武","男","19","13245266693","无","785992546qq.com"], ["熊大","男","16","无","010-4784125","115412546qq.com"], ["熊二","男","22","18745214693","010-4784125","3654126qq.com"] ] # 创建一个Workbook对象 book = xlwt.Workbook(encoding="utf-8",style_compression=0) # 创建一个sheet对象 sheet = book.add_sheet("person_msg", cell_overwrite_ok=True) # 写入列名 for name in range(0, len(line_name)): sheet.write(row_num, name, line_name[name]) row_num += 1 # 写入数据 for i in range(0, len(data)): for j in range(0, len(data[i])): sheet.write(row_num, j, data[i][j]) row_num += 1 # 保存excel文件 book.save("person_msg.xls")
生成的excel文件没有任何排版比较乱
解决思路
获取每列写入字符长度,比较出每列最宽的长度,最后设置合适的长度。
计算字符串的长度时要注意一个汉字占两个字节,需要指定字符串的字符集才能获取正确的字符数
>>> str = "liming李明" >>> len(str) 8 >>> len(str.encode("gb18030")) 10
最后代码如下
import xlwt import copy """ 利用python的xlwt模块自适应列宽写入excel """ # 获取每列所占用的最大列宽 def get_max_col(max_list): line_list = [] # i表示行,j代表列 for j in range(len(max_list[0])): line_num = [] for i in range(len(max_list)): line_num.append(max_list[i][j]) # 将每列的宽度存入line_num line_list.append(max(line_num)) # 将每列最大宽度存入line_list return line_list def write_excel(): row_num = 0 # 记录写入行数 col_list = [] # 记录每行宽度 # 个人信息:姓名,性别,年龄,手机号,固定电话,邮箱 data = [ ["姓名","性别","年龄","手机号","固定电话","邮箱"], ["厘清","女","31","18745214693","0104784125","5412546qq.com"], ["张三","男","26","18245554693","010-4784125","无"], ["王武","男","19","13245266693","无","785992546qq.com"], ["熊大","男","16","无","010-4784125","115412546qq.com"], ["熊二","男","22","18745214693","010-4784125","3654126qq.com"] ] # 创建一个Workbook对象 book = xlwt.Workbook(encoding="utf-8",style_compression=0) # 创建一个sheet对象 sheet = book.add_sheet("person_msg", cell_overwrite_ok=True) col_num = [0 for x in range(0, len(data))] # 写入数据 for i in range(0, len(data)): for j in range(0, len(data[i])): sheet.write(row_num, j, data[i][j]) col_num[j] = len(data[i][j].encode("gb18030")) # 计算每列值的大小 col_list.append(copy.copy(col_num)) # 记录一行每列写入的长度 row_num += 1 # 获取每列最大宽度 col_max_num = get_max_col(col_list) # 设置自适应列宽 for i in range(0, len(col_max_num)): # 256*字符数得到excel列宽,为了不显得特别紧凑添加两个字符宽度 sheet.col(i).width = 256 * (col_max_num[i] + 2) # 保存excel文件 book.save("person_msg.xls") write_excel()
生成excel文件person_msg.xls
以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_31489933/article/details/80323426