使用Python实现火车票查询系统(带界面)_Python

导语

周末、假期来了，七夕也快到了，又到一年中最一票难求的时候了！

那些假期想回家、过节异地恋的小可爱们，能准时抢到回家（约会对象）的城市票嘛？

为了让大家尽早的和亲朋好友家人团聚，小编今年很英勇的出来提醒大家早点儿抢火车票啦！

（时不我待，有票的时候妖提前买好啦~不然到时候在卖科能没票了滴）

特地为大家写了一款代码基于Python的有界面火车票查询系统，随时随地查询，不然去专门购票的地方问，没票白跑一趟也麻烦了——如果有票记得早点儿买买买哈！

注：需要不需要都要学一下，万一哪天就用上了呢，学到了也不亏哈！

使用Python实现火车票查询系统(带界面)

一、运行环境

1）小编使用的环境：Python3、Pycharm社区版、requests、PyQt5模块、部分自带就不一一展示啦。

模块安装：pip install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple/+模块名

二、代码展示

1）爬取数据

import re
import urllib
from urllib import request
# from pprint import pprint
url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/js/framework/station_name.js?station_version=1.9048"
req = urllib.request.Request(url)
r = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read().decode("utf-8")
stations =re.findall(r"([u4e00-u9fa5]+)|([A-Z]+)",r)    # 匹配中文和对应的英文
stations = dict(stations)     # 转化成字典
# pprint(stations)      # 以列的形式打印出来

2）主程序

"""
火车票查询系统
"""
__author__ = "Scorpio"
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt,QDateTime
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget,QMessageBox,QApplication,QLabel,QTableWidget,QLineEdit,QHBoxLayout,QGridLayout,QVBoxLayout,QPushButton,QTableWidgetItem,QFrame,QDateTimeEdit
from PyQt5.QtGui import QFont,QColor,QBrush
from get_stations import stations
import warnings
import requests
class TableSheet(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.initUi()

    def initUi(self):
        #self.setWindowFlags(Qt.WindowCloseButtonHint && Qt.WindowMinimizeButtonHint)
        #self.setWindowFlags(Qt.WindowMinimizeButtonHint)
        self.setWindowTitle("火车票查询系统")
        #self.setGeometry(40,80,1500,720)
        #第一部分，输入出发地、目的地和日期
        controlsLayout = QGridLayout()      #栅格布局
        self.label1 = QLabel("出发地：")
        self.Editlabel1 = QLineEdit()
        self.label2 = QLabel("目的地：")
        self.Editlabel2 = QLineEdit()
        self.label3 = QLabel("乘车日期：")

        self.Editlabel3 = QDateTimeEdit()
        now = QDateTime.currentDateTime()
        #print(now)
        self.Editlabel3.setDateTime(now)
        self.Editlabel3.setDisplayFormat("yyyy-MM-dd")      #小写m为分钟
        self.Editlabel3.setCalendarPopup(True)

        self.buttonOK = QPushButton("确定")

        controlsLayout.addWidget(QLabel(""),0,0,1,6)
        self.message = QLabel("暂未查询车次信息！")
        controlsLayout.addWidget(self.message,0,7,1,4)
        
        controlsLayout.addWidget(self.label1,0,11,1,1)
        controlsLayout.addWidget(self.Editlabel1,0,12,1,2)
        controlsLayout.addWidget(QLabel(" "),0,14,1,1)
        
        controlsLayout.addWidget(self.label2,0,15,1,1)
        controlsLayout.addWidget(self.Editlabel2,0,16,1,2)
        controlsLayout.addWidget(QLabel(" "),0,18,1,1)

        controlsLayout.addWidget(self.label3,0,19,1,1)
        controlsLayout.addWidget(self.Editlabel3,0,20,1,2)
        controlsLayout.addWidget(QLabel(" "),0,22,1,1)
        
        controlsLayout.addWidget(self.buttonOK,0,23,1,1)
        controlsLayout.addWidget(QLabel(" "),0,25,1,8)

        #第二部分，显示查询到的车次信息
        horizontalHeader = ["车次","车站","时间","历时","商务座","一等座","二等座","高级软卧","软卧","动卧","硬卧","软座","硬座","无座","其他"]
        self.table = QTableWidget()
        self.table.setColumnCount(15)
        self.table.setRowCount(0)       #初始化为0行
        self.table.setHorizontalHeaderLabels(horizontalHeader)
        self.table.setEditTriggers(QTableWidget.NoEditTriggers)     #不能编辑
        self.table.setSelectionBehavior(QTableWidget.SelectRows)    #选中整行
        self.table.setSelectionMode(QTableWidget.SingleSelection)
        for index in range(self.table.columnCount()):
            headItem = self.table.horizontalHeaderItem(index)
            headItem.setFont(QFont("song", 12, QFont.Bold))
            headItem.setForeground(QBrush(Qt.gray))
            headItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter)
        #self.table.setFrameShape(QFrame.HLine)#设定样式
        #self.table.setShowGrid(False) #取消网格线
        #self.table.verticalHeader().setVisible(False) #隐藏垂直表头
        #row_count = self.table.rowCount()
        #self.table.setColumnWidth(0,200)
        mainLayout = QHBoxLayout()
        mainLayout.addWidget(self.table)
        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        layout.addLayout(controlsLayout)
        layout.addLayout(mainLayout)
        self.setLayout(layout)
        self.buttonOK.clicked.connect(self.showMessage)
        self.showMaximized()

    def closeEvent(self, event):        #关闭时弹窗提示
        reply = QMessageBox.question(self, "警告", "查询记录不会被保存，
确认退出？",QMessageBox.Yes,QMessageBox.No)
        if reply == QMessageBox.Yes:
            event.accept()
        else:
            event.ignore()

    def showMessage(self):      #显示查询信息
        stations_fz = dict(map(lambda t:(t[1],t[0]), stations.items()))     #反转字典
        from_s = self.Editlabel1.text()   #获取文本框内容
        to_s = self.Editlabel2.text()
        if (from_s in stations.keys()) and (to_s in stations.keys()):
            f = stations[from_s]     # 通过字典转化为车站对应的缩写字母
            t = stations[to_s]       # 通过字典转化为车站对应的缩写字母
            date = self.Editlabel3.text()
            d = str(date)
            # print(d)
            # print("正在查询" + from_s + "至" + to_s + "的列车...")
            url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/queryO?leftTicketDTO.train_date=" + d + "&leftTicketDTO.from_station=" + f + "&leftTicketDTO.to_station=" + t +"&purpose_codes=ADULT"
            # print(url)
            warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")  # 这个网站是有安全警告的，这段代码可以忽略警告
            r = requests.get(url, verify=False)
            raw_trains = r.json()["data"]["result"]     # 获取车次信息
            # print(raw_trains)
            num = len(raw_trains)       # 获取车次数目
            # print("共查询到%d个车次信息"%num)
            self.message.setText("共查询到%d个车次信息"%num)
            if raw_trains == []:
                QMessageBox.warning(self, "提示", "暂无所查询的车次信息！")
            i=0
            self.table.setRowCount(num)
            self.table.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(Qt.ScrollBarAlwaysOff)      #关闭水平滚动条
            for raw_train in raw_trains:
                # split分割之后得到的是一个列表
                data_list = raw_train.split("|")
                # print(data_list)
                tra_no = data_list[2]     #train_no
                from_s_no = data_list[16]   #from_station_no
                to_s_no = data_list[17]     #to_station_no
                seat_type = data_list[35]       #seat_types
                tra_date = d            #train_date
                checi = data_list[3]     # 车次
                cfd = stations_fz[data_list[6]]      #出发地，通过字典转换
                mdd = stations_fz[data_list[7]]      #目的地
                fctime = data_list[8]    # 发车时间
                ddtime = data_list[9]    # 到达时间
                lishi = data_list[10]    # 历时
                shangwuzuo = data_list[32] or "--"    # 商务座/特等座
                yidengzuo = data_list[31] or "--"     # 一等座
                erdengzuo = data_list[30] or "--"     # 二等座
                gjruanwo = data_list[21] or "--"      # 高级软卧
                ruanwo = data_list[23] or "--"        # 软卧
                dongwo = data_list[33] or "--"        # 动卧
                yingwo = data_list[28] or "--"        # 硬卧
                ruanzuo = data_list[24] or "--"       # 软座
                yingzuo = data_list[29] or "--"       # 硬座
                wuzuo = data_list[26] or "--"         # 无座
                others = data_list[22] or "--"        # 其他

                price_url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/queryTicketPrice?train_no="+tra_no+"&from_station_no="+from_s_no+"&to_station_no="+to_s_no+"&seat_types="+seat_type+"&train_date="+tra_date
                r1 = requests.get(price_url, verify=False)
                # print(price_url)
                raw_prices = r1.json()["data"]  # 获取车次信息
                if "A1" in raw_prices.keys():           #A1:硬座
                    pr_yz = raw_prices["A1"]
                else:
                    pr_yz = ""
                if "A2" in raw_prices.keys():           # A2:软座
                    pr_rz = raw_prices["A2"]
                else:
                    pr_rz = ""
                if "A3" in raw_prices.keys():           # A3:硬卧
                    pr_yw = raw_prices["A3"]
                else:
                    pr_yw = ""
                if "A4" in raw_prices.keys():           # A4:软卧
                    pr_rw = raw_prices["A4"]
                else:
                    pr_rw = ""
                if "A6" in raw_prices.keys():           # A6:高级软卧
                    pr_gjrw = raw_prices["A6"]
                else:
                    pr_gjrw = ""
                if "A9" in raw_prices.keys():           # A9:商务座，特等座
                    pr_swz = raw_prices["A9"]
                else:
                    pr_swz = ""
                if "WZ" in raw_prices.keys():           # WZ:无座
                    pr_wz = raw_prices["WZ"]
                else:
                    pr_wz = ""
                if "M" in raw_prices.keys():            # M:一等座
                    pr_ydz = raw_prices["M"]
                else:
                    pr_ydz = ""
                if "O" in raw_prices.keys():            # O:二等座
                    pr_edz = raw_prices["O"]
                else:
                    pr_edz = ""
                if "F" in raw_prices.keys():            # F:动卧
                    pr_dw = raw_prices["F"]
                else:
                    pr_dw = ""
                # print(pr_yz,pr_rz,pr_yw,pr_rw,pr_gjrw,pr_swz,pr_wz,pr_ydz,pr_edz,pr_dw)
                NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(checi)
                NewItem.setForeground(QColor(Qt.red))
                NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter)  #垂直居中
                self.table.setItem(i,0,NewItem)

                NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(cfd +"
-
"+mdd)
                NewItem.setFont(QFont("song", 9, QFont.Bold))
                NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter)
                self.table.setItem(i,1,NewItem)

                NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(fctime+"
-
"+ddtime)
                NewItem.setFont(QFont("song", 9, QFont.Bold))
                NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter)
                self.table.setItem(i,2,NewItem)

                NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(lishi)
                NewItem.setFont(QFont("song", 9, QFont.Bold))
                NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter)
                self.table.setItem(i,3,NewItem)

                NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(shangwuzuo+"
"+ pr_swz)
                NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter)
                self.table.setItem(i,4,NewItem)

                NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(yidengzuo+"
"+ pr_ydz)
                NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter)
                self.table.setItem(i,5,NewItem)

                NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(erdengzuo+"
"+ pr_edz)
                NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter)
                self.table.setItem(i,6,NewItem)

                NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(gjruanwo+"
"+ pr_gjrw)
                NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter)
                self.table.setItem(i,7,NewItem)

                NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(ruanwo+"
"+ pr_rw)
                NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter)
                self.table.setItem(i,8,NewItem)

                NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(dongwo+"
"+ pr_dw)
                NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter)
                self.table.setItem(i,9,NewItem)

                NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(yingwo+"
"+ pr_yw)
                NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter)
                self.table.setItem(i,10,NewItem)

                NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(ruanzuo+"
"+ pr_rz)
                NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter)
                self.table.setItem(i,11,NewItem)

                NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(yingzuo+"
"+ pr_yz)
                NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter)
                self.table.setItem(i,12,NewItem)

                NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(wuzuo+"
"+ pr_wz)
                NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter)
                self.table.setItem(i,13,NewItem)

                NewItem=QTableWidgetItem(others+"
"+"")
                NewItem.setTextAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter | Qt.AlignVCenter)
                self.table.setItem(i,14,NewItem)

                self.table.setRowHeight(i, 60)      #设置行高

                i=i+1
            #self.table.setSpan(0, 8, 2, 1)     #合并单元格
        else:
            if from_s not in stations.keys():
                # print("请输入正确的出发地")
                QMessageBox.warning(self,"提示","请输入正确的出发地！")
            if to_s not in stations.keys():
                # print("请输入正确的目的地")
                QMessageBox.warning(self,"提示","请输入正确的目的地！")
if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    table = TableSheet()
    table.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())