一个APP对应一个默认数据库,若连接其他数据库用".using()"
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Author.objects.using( 'db02' ). all () |
1、在项目settings中增加数据库配置
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# settings.py DATABASES = { 'default' : { 'ENGINE' : 'django.db.backends.oracle' , 'NAME' : 'orcl19c' , 'USER' : "username01" , 'PASSWORD' : "password01" , 'HOST' : "110.10.1.11" , 'PORT' : 1511 , }, 'db_2' : { 'ENGINE' : 'django.db.backends.oracle' , 'NAME' : 'orcl19c' , 'USER' : "username02" , 'PASSWORD' : "password02" , 'HOST' : "120.20.2.22" , 'PORT' : 1512 , } } # 以下MyProject改成项目名,默认default不用修改 DATABASE_ROUTERS = [ 'MyProject.database_router.DatabaseAppsRouter' ] DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING = { 'app01' : 'default' , 'app02' : 'db_2' , } |
2、在项目根目录下Myproject/Myproject 新建数据库路由文件database_router.py
直接复制以下代码,无需修改
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from django.conf import settings DATABASE_MAPPING = settings.DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING class DatabaseAppsRouter( object ): """ A router to control all database operations on models for different databases. In case an app is not set in settings.DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING, the router will fallback to the `default` database. Settings example: DATABASE_APPS_MAPPING = {'app1': 'db1', 'app2': 'db2'} """ def db_for_read( self , model, * * hints): """"Point all read operations to the specific database.""" if model._meta.app_label in DATABASE_MAPPING: return DATABASE_MAPPING[model._meta.app_label] return None def db_for_write( self , model, * * hints): """Point all write operations to the specific database.""" if model._meta.app_label in DATABASE_MAPPING: return DATABASE_MAPPING[model._meta.app_label] return None def allow_relation( self , obj1, obj2, * * hints): """Allow any relation between apps that use the same database.""" db_obj1 = DATABASE_MAPPING.get(obj1._meta.app_label) db_obj2 = DATABASE_MAPPING.get(obj2._meta.app_label) if db_obj1 and db_obj2: if db_obj1 = = db_obj2: return True else : return False return None def allow_syncdb( self , db, model): """Make sure that apps only appear in the related database.""" if db in DATABASE_MAPPING.values(): return DATABASE_MAPPING.get(model._meta.app_label) = = db elif model._meta.app_label in DATABASE_MAPPING: return False return None def allow_migrate( self , db, app_label, model = None , * * hints): """ Make sure the auth app only appears in the 'auth_db' database. """ if db in DATABASE_MAPPING.values(): return DATABASE_MAPPING.get(app_label) = = db elif app_label in DATABASE_MAPPING: return False return None |
3、使用inspectdb反向生成各app的model类之后,配置model类对应要链接的数据库
反向生成models.py 命令:
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python manage.py inspectdb - - database db1 TableName1 > app01 / models.py python manage.py inspectdb - - database db2 TableName2 > app02 / models.py |
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# 编辑app01下的models.py: class Names(models.Model): #该model使用default数据库 id = models.CharField(primary_key = True ,max_length = 100 , blank = True , null = True ) name = models.CharField(max_length = 32 ,primary_key = True ,unique = True ) class Meta: #app_label = 'app01' #由于该model连接default数据库,所以在此无需指定 db_table = 'names' # 编辑app02下的models.py: class Classnum(models.Model): #该model使用default数据库 id = models.CharField(primary_key = True ,max_length = 100 , blank = True , null = True ) classnum = models.CharField(max_length = 32 ,primary_key = True ,unique = True ) class Meta: app_label = 'app02' db_table = 'classnum' |
4、同步数据库
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# 同步default节点数据库,只运行不带 --database参数的命令,不对其他数据库进行同步 python manage.py makemigrations python manage.py migrate # 同步db02节点数据库: python manage.py makemigrations python manage.py migrate - - database = db02 |
5、若要连接配置外的数据库
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Author.objects.using( 'other' ). all () my_object.save(using = 'legacy_users' ) my_object.delete(using = 'legacy_users' ) |
移动对象到另一个数据库时会发生主键冲突,可以使用obj.pk方法清除主键再保存对象
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>>> p = Person(name = 'Fred' ) >>> p.save(using = 'first' ) >>> p.pk = None # Clear the primary key. >>> p.save(using = 'second' ) # Write a |
总结
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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/wuyepiaoxue789/article/details/124799680