环境
已安装nvidia 显卡 驱动 操作系统:CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core) 内核版本:Linux 5.4.135-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 显卡 型号:rtx 6000 kvm版本: virsh version Compiled against library: libvirt 4.5.0 Using library: libvirt 4.5.0 Using API : QEMU 4.5.0 Running hypervisor: QEMU 1.5.3
解绑GPU 设备
1.配置GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX(实测,有效),查询要解绑的设备,记录设备id号
lspci -nn|grep NVIDIA |grep VGA 或者 lspci -nn|grep NVIDIA
2.修改 /etc/default/grub文件的GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX
vi /etc/default/grub 以下是内容,新增加 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX行: intel_iommu=on pci-stub.ids=10de:1e30" GRUB_TIMEOUT=5 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="$(sed "s, release .*$,,g" /etc/system-release)" GRUB_DEFAULT=saved GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true GRUB_TERMINAL_OUTPUT="console" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="intel_iommu=on crashkernel=auto spectre_v2=retpoline rhgb quiet rdblacklist=nouveau pci-stub.ids=10de:1e30" GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"
3.更新grub2 conf,执行如下命令
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
4.重启系统
reboot
验证并查看nvidia 显卡
1.执行nvidia-smi ,看不到显卡,证明显卡已经被解绑
# nvidia-smi NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn"t communicate with the NVIDIA driver. Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.
2.验证内核支持iommu
cat /proc/cmdline | grep iommu 结果输出: intel_iommu=on
3.验证VT-D是否启用
dmesg |grep -e DMAR -e IOMMU
安装win10虚拟机
qemu-img create -f qcow2 /home/kvm-machines/shaoyan.qcow2 200G virt-install --name shaoyan --ram 4096 --vcpus=8 --os-type=windows --accelerate --cdrom=/home/kvm_images/win10.iso --disk path=/home/kvm-machines/shaoyan.qcow2,format=qcow2,bus=ide --bridge=br0 --autostart --vnc --vncport=5910 --vnclisten=0.0.0.0
宿主机安装软件包
yum -y groups install "GNOME Desktop" virt-manager virt-viewer dejavu-lgc-sans-fonts
显卡加载vfio驱动
1.显卡加载vfio驱动
modprobe vfio modprobe vfio-pci
2.从服务器卸载1张显卡的4个设备
virsh nodedev-detach pci_0000_b1_00_0 virsh nodedev-detach pci_0000_b1_00_1 virsh nodedev-detach pci_0000_b1_00_2 virsh nodedev-detach pci_0000_b1_00_3
3.验证显卡设备是否加载vfio-pci驱动,加载成功
# lspci -vv -s b1:00.0 | grep driver Kernel driver in use: vfio-pci [root@rtx_6000 10.147.100.107 ~ ] # lspci -vv -s b1:00.1 | grep driver Kernel driver in use: vfio-pci [root@rtx_6000 10.147.100.107 ~ ] # lspci -vv -s b1:00.2 | grep driver Kernel driver in use: vfio-pci [root@rtx_6000 10.147.100.107 ~ ] # lspci -vv -s b1:00.3 | grep driver Kernel driver in use: vfio-pci
win10虚拟机添加NVDIA显卡
1.通过远控卡登录服务器透传显卡,执行startx 调出可视化页面
startx
2.添加显卡硬件
3.查看显卡
显卡驱动安装
1.要安装显卡驱动,需要修改虚拟机win10的配置文件 否则显卡驱动安装过程中自检会报错ERROR CODE 43,驱动不允许安装在虚拟机上。
#编辑VM XML virsh edit shaoyan #修改第一行 <domain type="kvm"> #为 <domain type="kvm" xmlns:qemu="http://libvirt.org/schemas/domain/qemu/1.0"> #找到<features>节点,添加内容 <features> ... <kvm><hidden state="on"/></kvm> ... </features> #找到</device>节点,在device后添加内容 <qemu:commandline><qemu:arg value="-cpu"/><qemu:arg value="host,hv_time,kvm=off,hv_vendor_id=null"/> </qemu:commandline> #重启VM virsh destroy shaoyan virsh start shaoyan
2.附录完整xml 文件如下,如果是拷贝至其他宿主机配置文件的话,只需要保留xml 文件中的第一组hostdev即可,否则会报错
# cat /etc/libvirt/qemu/shaoyan.xml <!-- WARNING: THIS IS AN AUTO-GENERATED FILE. CHANGES TO IT ARE LIKELY TO BE OVERWRITTEN AND LOST. Changes to this xml configuration should be made using: virsh edit shaoyan or other application using the libvirt API. --> <domain type="kvm"> <name>shaoyan</name> <uuid>e06c6c3b-0a57-43e8-9d6f-02fd1e2aad83</uuid> <title>gpu</title> <description>gpu</description> <memory unit="KiB">16777216</memory> <currentMemory unit="KiB">16777216</currentMemory> <vcpu placement="static">16</vcpu> <os> <type arch="x86_64" machine="pc-i440fx-rhel7.0.0">hvm</type> <boot dev="hd"/> </os> <features> <acpi/> <apic/> <hyperv> <relaxed state="on"/> <vapic state="on"/> <spinlocks state="on" retries="8191"/> </hyperv> </features> <cpu mode="host-passthrough" check="none"/> <clock offset="localtime"> <timer name="rtc" tickpolicy="catchup"/> <timer name="pit" tickpolicy="delay"/> <timer name="hpet" present="no"/> <timer name="hypervclock" present="yes"/> </clock> <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff> <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot> <on_crash>destroy</on_crash> <pm> <suspend-to-mem enabled="no"/> <suspend-to-disk enabled="no"/> </pm> <devices> <emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-kvm</emulator> <disk type="file" device="disk"> <driver name="qemu" type="qcow2"/> <source file="/data/kvm/shaoyan.qcow2"/> <target dev="hda" bus="ide"/> <address type="drive" controller="0" bus="0" target="0" unit="0"/> </disk> <controller type="usb" index="0" model="ich9-ehci1"> <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x04" function="0x7"/> </controller> <controller type="usb" index="0" model="ich9-uhci1"> <master startport="0"/> <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x04" function="0x0" multifunction="on"/> </controller> <controller type="usb" index="0" model="ich9-uhci2"> <master startport="2"/> <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x04" function="0x1"/> </controller> <controller type="usb" index="0" model="ich9-uhci3"> <master startport="4"/> <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x04" function="0x2"/> </controller> <controller type="pci" index="0" model="pci-root"/> <controller type="ide" index="0"> <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x01" function="0x1"/> </controller> <interface type="bridge"> <mac address="52:54:00:48:b2:5a"/> <source bridge="br0"/> <model type="e1000"/> <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x03" function="0x0"/> </interface> <serial type="pty"> <target type="isa-serial" port="0"> <model name="isa-serial"/> </target> </serial> <console type="pty"> <target type="serial" port="0"/> </console> <input type="tablet" bus="usb"> <address type="usb" bus="0" port="1"/> </input> <input type="mouse" bus="ps2"/> <input type="keyboard" bus="ps2"/> <graphics type="vnc" port="5910" autoport="no" listen="0.0.0.0"> <listen type="address" address="0.0.0.0"/> </graphics> <video> <model type="vga" vram="16384" heads="1" primary="yes"/> <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x0"/> </video> <hostdev mode="subsystem" type="pci" managed="yes"> <source> <address domain="0x0000" bus="0xb1" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/> </source> <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x06" function="0x0"/> </hostdev> <hostdev mode="subsystem" type="pci" managed="yes"> <source> <address domain="0x0000" bus="0xb1" slot="0x00" function="0x1"/> </source> <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x07" function="0x0"/> </hostdev> <hostdev mode="subsystem" type="pci" managed="yes"> <source> <address domain="0x0000" bus="0xb1" slot="0x00" function="0x2"/> </source> <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x08" function="0x0"/> </hostdev> <hostdev mode="subsystem" type="pci" managed="yes"> <source> <address domain="0x0000" bus="0xb1" slot="0x00" function="0x3"/> </source> <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x09" function="0x0"/> </hostdev> <memballoon model="virtio"> <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x05" function="0x0"/> </memballoon> </devices> </domain>
3.登录win10 虚拟机配置网络
4.安装驱动,选择具体型号进行下载并安装驱动
https://www.nvidia.cn/Download/index.aspx?lang=cn
5.查看显卡设备
至此,win10通过kvm虚拟化透传GPU 显卡完成!
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原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lixinliang/p/16719663.html